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A flexible method of preparing and macroscopically aligning nanoparticles of crystalline silver into millimeter long fibers is presented. The approach utilizes the dual functionality of a reverse hexagonal liquid crystalline template containing a built-in reducing agent facing the aqueous domain. The method is advantageous in that its slow kinetics allows for a thorough introduction of a silver sa
Unsaturated solute transport is highly variable and therefore difficult to predict. In semi-arid areas, where water resources are limited, the presence of macropores is of great importance for crop production. The bromide ion (Br-) and dye tracers are useful for studies of water movement. One approach to describe the heterogeneous solute transport is to apply the concept of fractals to a dataset.
The CP conserving amplitudes for the decays K --> 3pi are calculated in chiral perturbation theory at the next-to-leading order. We present the expressions in a compact form with single parameter functions only. These expressions are then fitted to all available K --> 2pi and K --> 3pi data to obtain a fit of the parameters that occur. We compare with the work of Kambor, Missimer and Wyler. (C) 20
Sixteen young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and rapidly progressive severe retinopathy were examined regarding serum levels of growth hormone before and after the i.v. administration of 200 micrograms thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Serum IGF I, HbA1c, blood pressure, urinary albumin, and serum creatinine levels were also measured. The control group consisted of type 1 diabetic patie
A laterally extensive and conspicuously smooth erosional surface is exposed near the Wenlock-Ludlow boundary on east-central Gotland, Sweden. It occurs in the reef complex area of a carbonate platform, has an undulating topography, and separates truncated bioherms and biostromes from overlying allochthonous high energy deposits. On a basin regional scale, the surface is associated to a shift from
Two recurrent arguments levelled against the view that enduring objects survive change are examined within the framework of the B-theory of time: the argument from Leibniz's Law and the argument from Instantiation of Incompatible Properties. Both arguments are shown to be question-begging and hence unsuccessful.
This study investigates the mechanisms of (de)coding modality, focusing on the interpretation of utterances containing the modals must, may, måste, and kan. The main research question posed in this study is what enables the interlocutors to interpret modal expressions so that communicative goals are achieved. To answer this general question, Coates's (1983) study on modal contexts is initially rep
One out of ten cases of acute pancreatitis develops into severe acute pancreatitis which is a life threatening disorder with a high mortality rate. The other nine cases are self limiting and need very little therapy. The specificity of good clinical judgement on admission, concerning the prognosis of the attack, is high (high specificity) but misses a lot of severe cases (low sensitivity). The pre
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as additives in polymers and textiles to prohibit the development of fires. Because of the production and use of PBDEs, their lipophilic characteristics, and persistence, these compounds have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants. The aim of the present study was to determine potential exposures of PBDEs to clerks working full-time at computer
The aqueous phase behavior of a series of complex salts, containing cationic surfactants with polymeric counterions, has been investigated by visual inspection and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The salts were alkyltrimethylammonium polyacrylates, C(x)TAPA(y), based on all combinations of five surfactant chain lengths (C-6, C-8, C-10, C-12, and C-16) and two lengths of the polyacrylate chain
Aims To investigate the role of guidelines in structuring the clinical care for adult patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), and to assess adherence to the guidelines in Europe. Methods and results A selected number of current guidelines were chosen pertaining to operative procedures, investigations, and the use of medication ('interventions'). The source for this analysis was the database
Popular Abstract in Swedish De senaste 25 åren har flera nya narkosläkemedel registrerats och fått stort genomslag i vårt land. Den främsta orsaken är att dessa läkemedel medger ett snabbare uppvaknande och bättre postoperativt välbefinnande, vilket gör att många patienter snabbare kan återvända hem efter sina operationer. Propofol (2,6-di-isopropylfenol) som är ett av våra mest använda intra-venöOver the last 25 years a number of new anaesthetic drugs have been introduced on the market to allow for better patient satisfaction and faster recovery after anaesthesia and sedation. Propofol (2,6-di-isopropylphenol), one of our most common iv anaesthetics, is associated with pleasant sleep and rapid recovery with little postoperative nausea. When used for anaesthetic induction propofol causes s
A simple approach is used to introduce effects of ion-ion correlations into the Poisson-Boltzmann theory. The mean-field character of the theory is retained and correlations are approximated by an effective interaction potential, which differs from the Coulombic at short range. In particular, the severe overestimation of the average interaction energy between ions of like charge inherent in the or
