A role for regulatory lymphocytes has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of type I diabetes in the NOD mouse but the nature of these cells is debated. CD1d-restricted NKT lymphocytes have been implicated in this process. Previous reports of reduced diabetes incidence in NOD mice in which the numbers of NKT cells are artificially increased have been attributed to the enhanced production of IL-4

We present on-line procedures for estimating density functions and their derivatives. At each step, M terms are updated. By increasing M the efficiency compared to the traditional off-line kernel density estimator tends to one. Already for M = 2, it exceeds 99.1% for kernel orders and derivatives of practical interest.

The objective of the study was to find ways of improvement of the dissolved air flotation process by studying the flow structure. The paper presents experimental data on flow structures and the relation between the flow structure and the removal efficiency. Measurements have been performed in a pilot plant with an Acoustical Doppler Velocimeter. The water velocity was measured in a grid net, givin

This paper introduces the third and final part of the 'millennium celebrations of historical highlights of photosynthesis research.' Part 1 ( 308 pages) was published in October 2002 as Vol. 73 of the journal Photosynthesis Research, and Part 2 ( 458 pages) was published in July 2003 as Vol. 76. Here, we recognize particularly the work of three major contributors to our understanding of photosynth

The human genome harbors numerous distinct families of so-called human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) which are remnants of exogenous retroviruses that entered the germ line millions of years ago. We describe here the hitherto little-characterized betaretrovirus HERV-K(HML-5) family (named HERVK22 in Repbase) in greater detail. Out of 139 proviruses, only a few loci represent full-length proviruse

In this thesis I offer a unified syntactic account of the small clauses involved in Swedish object-with-infinitive constructions (ECM), object predicative constructions and absolute constructions. In the present framework, this similarity is conceptually appealing and is also supported by empirical data. My account extends to other types of small clauses as well. I claim that small clauses are pro

Decolonizing the Viking Age 1 argues that the Scandinavian “Viking Age” can be seen as a system of knowledge constructed in the late 19th century and in its basic structures maintained up to the present day. This system of knowledge was heavily influenced by the nationalistic and evolutionary ideas of its time of making and may be described as a colonialism of the past. The book follows the making

Kruppel-like factor 11 is a pancreatic transcription factor whose activity induces the insulin gene. A common glutamine-to-arginine change at codon 62 (Q62R) in its gene KLF11 has been recently associated with type 2 diabetes in two independent samples. Q62R and two other rare missense variants (A347S and T220M) were also shown to affect the function of KLF11 in vitro, and insulin levels were lowe

The location of the red edge of the ZZ Ceti instability strip is definedobservationally as being the lowest temperature for which a white dwarfwith a H-rich atmosphere (DA) is known to exhibit periodic brightnessvariations. Whether this cut-off in flux variations is actually due to acessation of pulsation or merely due to the attenuation of anyvariations by the convection zone, rendering them invi

Caveolin- 1 ( Cav- 1) is essential for the morphology of membrane caveolae and exerts a negative influence on a number of signaling systems, including nitric oxide ( NO) production and activity of the MAP kinase cascade. In the vascular system, ablation of caveolin- 1 may thus be expected to cause arterial dilatation and increased vessel wall mass ( remodeling). This was tested in Cav- 1 knockout

The choice of proper insulation for cold protection is important. However, “proper insulation” depends on activity and at lots of jobs the activity varies along the working day. The choice of low insulation for high metabolic rate makes people feel cold during low activity levels and the choice of high insulation for low metabolic rate makes them feel hot and sweat during high activity levels. The

Abstract in French Cet article est basé sur l’analyse de deux corpus de français écrit langue étrangère par des apprenants suédois ; l’un transversal et l’autre longitudinal. Les deux corpus permettent des approches différentes, l’une de caractère linguistique mettant l’accent sur le profil développemental de l’accord en nombre ; l’autre plus cognitive analysant les aspects des connaissances expliThis article is based on an analysis of two corpora in French as a foreign language by Swedish learners; one cross-sectional and the other longitudinal. These two corpora lent themselves to different approaches: a linguistic approach which stressed the developmental profile of agreement in number; and a more cognitive approach which analyzed various aspects of explicit and implicit knowledge in th

Essäns syfte är att med exempel ur olika texter ringa in några historiska, kulturella och existentiella aspekter av begreppet fotvandring.

We recently refined the in vitro motility assay for studies of actomyosin function to achieve rectified myosin induced sliding of actin filaments. This paves the way, both for detailed functional studies of actomyosin and for nanotechnological applications. In the latter applications it would be desirable to use actin filaments for transportation of cargoes (e.g., enzymes) between different predet

Planning management activities for a long-term sustainable forestry requires predictive tools designed for this kind of management. Many tools available today are either designed for planning periods that are too short to consider long-term sustainability, omit important parts of the forest ecosystem or are not capable of considering environmental changes. A long-term potential growth-limiting fac

Discussions about values are common in many contexts. Often, what is debated is the choice of means to realize or protect various values, but sometimes the discussion concerns the very values that ought to be realized or protected. Philosophical debate in this area has mainly been focused on two kinds of issues. Philosophers have tried to identify the set of fundamental values, i.e., to provide wh