När vi säger att en entitet orsakar en annan, antas ett kausalt förhållande föreligga mellan de båda. Diskussionen gällande specificeringen av dessa entiteter, allmänt kallade kausala relata, har i mångt och mycket begränsats till debatten om vilken typ av entiteter de måste vara. Den vanligaste uppfattningen är att kausalitet är en relation mellan olika händelser, där dessa antas vara partikulära

The aim of this study is to examine the patient's understanding of the counselling while testing for an STI. The method was an inquiry directed to patients at two receptions, where tests for STI are made, and on the Internet for patients who made a test within the last year. The study involves 95 participants, 39 answered the inquiry directly after the test. The main results show that most par

Attitudes towards violence were assessed using both implicit (The Single Category Implicit Association Test; Karpinski & Steinman, 2006) and explicit measurements (a Feeling Thermometer). A group of criminals showed more positive explicit and implicit attitudes towards violence than a group of non-criminals. In addition, The Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) revealed significan

Uppsatsen syftar till att ge en överskådlig bild av hur debatten kring eventuell kompensation för slaveriet och Jim Crow-segregationen i USA har vuxit fram, hur den ter sig vad gäller argument och retorik, vilka som för debatten samt en kort analys av ovannämnda företeelser. Uppsatsen är främst deskriptiv.

The present study is a part-study of the EVEDMUS (evaluation of teacher education in music) project aiming to examine the music teacher education programmes across Europe and Latin America. The overarching objective of the EVEDMUS project is to learn about the different conditions and causes in which the musical and educational knowledge is being constructed and identify factors in the programmes

Slutsats: Hackern blev i tidningarnas diskurs inte bara en säkerhetsrisk utan även en samhällsfara. Hackern var en brottsling och det var endast i få artiklar som hackern framställdes på ett balanserat sätt. Det fanns dessutom flera sensationsartade artiklar där hackerns farlighet understryks. Hackern blev genom sin påstådda brottslighet och genom andra tecken ställd utanför nodalpunkten samhälle

This essay contains a research on the impact of IWRM-projects on the civil society. IWRM is a water project strategy with local stakeholder participation as an important part. We compare three cases in the context of contemporary India and analyze them according to our theoretical framework, with influential concepts in civil society and foreign aid theory. We find that the cases had a mainly pos

The evolution of the party system in Eastern Europe is, according to scientist like Jack Bielasiak and Gary Reich, very similar to each other. According to them, the system will first polarize into two competing factions, the communist party or its successor on the one hand and the por-democratic opposition on the other. The party system will then fragment into a jungle of parties that fight for t

En utgåva av sju utvalda brev från livläkaren Jakob Robertsson (1566-1652) till rikskansler Axel Oxenstierna. Breven är skrivna på latin och utges med en regest till varje brev.

This thesis aims to offer insights into the initiation and development of modern (rural) bioenergy systems. For this reason, the thesis explores the formation, evolution and regional effects of three bioenergy projects ? a biodiesel cooperative, a biomass district heating plant and a biogas plant ? that are co-located within the small rural community of Mureck, in Austria. It finds that the three

The importance of gender differences during conflict and peace-building have raised as a specific area of study both in the academy as well as among global institutions such as the UN. Among those, there is almost a pre-assumption that strengthening women's movements is positive for a peaceful and just solution. However, they fail to address the complex relationships between the conflicting pa

In this paper I have tried to find out the reason the medieval town of Vä was created. I have studied several different areas in witch all, in one way or another, have had an effect on the making of Vä. This areas includes topography, iron production, mill handling, religious effects, royal affliction and also if the name Vä could tell something about Väs history as a religious cult. I have also l

15th of December 2005 was a historical day for the Iraqi people when they could vote for the first time in a free referendum for the draft of the new constitution. The result showed that 79% accepted it. The Iraqi constitution has been criticized by many for its Islamic ascendancy. By giving Islam the role as the source for legislation, will make the situation worse for the Iraqi women, so it has

In this essay, the aim is to study the role the politicians play in relation to the people they represent. This is manly a theoretically study, which focus is on the theories behind the way we choose to identify the role of politicians. We ascribe different underlying values to the role of politicians and as a result from these different values a conflict can arise. Two central terms in my discuss

Virtual Reality and advanced, interactive simulators illustrate the potentials of modern technology for improving the ecological validity of learning experiments. Yet much more preliminary work is needed to appreciate how these growingly complex means can be utilized to promote high-order emotional and motivational constructs of the user, such as self-efficacy. Drawing from the frameworks of serio

This thesis is set in the context of project financing for renewable energy technologies (RETs). The research looks closely at the environmental review procedures of financial institutions, focusing on the practice of environmental due diligence. This practice originally emerged as an approach used by lenders or investors to manage environmental risks and liabilities stemming from an investment de

På Skånemejeriers ysteri i Kristianstad har en energiinventering utförts. Detta för att lokalisera de komponenter på mejeriet som är energianvändare och få en bättre insyn i energianvändningen på mejeriet. Föreliggande inventering har sedan använts för att analysera energianvändningen och föreslå energieffektiviseringsåtgärder. Informationen i uppsatsen är införskaffad genom löpande intervjuer med

Deliberative democracy theory has been prominent within political science research since the early 1990?s, often applied in studies on postnational democratic constellations, in particular the European Union. Of the main institutions of the union, the European Parliament stands out as somewhat understudied from this point of view, which is why the main aim of this thesis is to study the conditions

Sino-Japanese relations during late Koizumi period has been widely considered having dropped to the lowest point since the two countries started normal diplomatic relationship in 1972. As a substitute strategy, cultural diplomacy thus became more important to smooth resentments and strengthen common interests on private citizen's level. This paper's purpose was to look at the outcome of Ja

Masuriska gymnasieungdomar är jämgamla med det "nya" kapitalistiska Polen vilket inte hindrar att ungdomarna genom sin starka föräldraranknytning kan sägas ha en fot i det "gamla" systemet före 1989 och en fot i det "nya". Syftet är att analysera masuriska ungdomarnas interaktion med skola, familj respektive kyrka samt deras framtidsvisioner. Val av metoder och teorie