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Many aspects of a new language, including grammar rules, can be acquired and accessed within minutes. In the present study, we investigate how initial learners respond when the rules of a novel language are not adhered to. Through spoken word-picture association-learning, tonal and non-tonal speakers were taught artificial words. Along with lexicosemantic content expressed by consonants, the words

Aims: To determine the underlying cellular changes and clinical correlates associated with pathology of the hypothalamus in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as hypothalamic atrophy occurs in the preclinical phase of the disease. Methods: The hypothalamus was pathologically examined in nine patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in comparison to eight healthy control subjects. The severity

Background: Aberrant activation of the WNT/β-catenin and STAT3 signaling pathways plays a critical role in cancer progression. However, direct targeting of these pathways as an anti-cancer therapeutic approach needs to be reconsidered due to its serious side effects. Here, we demonstrate that overexpression of WNT induces STAT3 activation in a galectin-3-dependent manner. Methods: We investigated

In the absence of strong international agreements, many municipal governments are leading efforts to build resilience to climate change in general and to extreme weather events in particular. However, it is notoriously difficult to guide and activate processes of change in complex adaptive systems such as cities. Participatory scenario planning with city professionals and members of civil society

Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to investigate the association between maternal consumption of gluten-containing foods and other selected foods during late pregnancy and offspring risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Methods: The TEDDY study recruited children at high genetic risk for type 1 diabetes at birth, and p

The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. Hexadeca-1,5-lactone was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from the target material and read-across analog hydroxynonanoic acid, δ-lactone (CAS # 3

Summary: The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. 5- and 6-Decenoic acid was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog oleic acid (CAS # 112-80-1) show that 5- and 6-deceno

This chapter provides a reassessment of the waste ‘crises’ in the so-called Land of Fires in Italy and highlights the contribution of local social mobilizations in advancing environmental justice and sustainability concerns. It is based on the long term collaboration between a social scientist and two activists, and it draws from a dialogue of academic and activist knowledge in the tradition of En

The brain simulates the world around us using sensory information and provides an estimation of reality in which actions can be executed. This estimation of reality is controlled by attention which decides which information is accepted, further processed and ignored. The process of attending a certain part of the sensory information while ignoring other parts is called selective attention. I have

The digital era has brought forward many innovative technologies but their contribution to resilient, inclusive and sustainable societies remain ambiguous. Innovation has often been considered a key component for production and economic growth, but this notion is gradually changing. Innovation is turning into a practice for societal responsibility and sustainable development, transforming the dire

Information and communication technologies (ICT) and mobile phones in particular play an important role in the narrative of international development. This chapter explores how the start-up of women’s ICT initiatives in Kampala, Uganda uses structural adaptation and resistance through intersectionality and feminist technoscience. It proposes a technological storytelling of doing intersectionality

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are located at the center of international development and considered vital for the progress of the current sustainable development goals. ICTs are embedded in cultural structures and social norms, which provide both possibilities and challenges to the people working with technologies such as mobile phones. Drawing upon theories and methodologies o

Critical making has the potential to foster a practice of connecting critical thinking with physical making through iterative and self-driven learning. This paper explores critical making as a method and a pedagogy in bridging the gap between conceptual thinking and making, encouraging play to cultivate learning and understanding one’s relation to the world. Situated making is an undergraduate cou

Seed morphology (testa ornamentation and seed shape) and allozyme variation were investigated in three closely related and partially sympatric taxa of Silene in the Nordic region. Within this region, Silene vulgaris is a widespread weed of anthropogenic habitats. The two subspecies of Silene uniflora are restricted to naturally open habitats; ssp. uniflora has a coastal distribution, whereas the S

Allozyme variation was studied in Swedish populations of Silene vulgaris (a widespread weed), S. uniflora ssp. uniflora (restricted to coastal habitats) and S. uniflora ssp. petraea (endemic to Sweden and confined to open limestone habitats). The taxa are diploid, gynodioecious, perennial herbs and showed high levels of within-taxon and within-population gene diversity at four polymorphic loci. Wi

Two morphological races have previously been recognized within the sedge, Carex lepidocarpa, in Sweden. These largely allopatric races are accorded specific status, as C. lepidocarpa s.s. and C. jemtlandica, in Scandinavian floras. A study of allozyme variation in population from 80 Sweden sites supports the morphological evidence for racial differentiation within C. lepidocarpa. The two races dif

Allozyme data were used to assess the genetic structure between 37 sympatric populations of the species-pair Silene vulgaris and S. uniflora ssp. petraea, and to infer levels of intra- and interspecific gene flow in the two species. Silene vulgaris is a geographically widespread weed of disturbed habitats whereas S. uniflora ssp. petraea is endemic to the Baltic islands of Öland and Gotland. On Öl