OBJECTIVE: To compare survival of patients with breast cancer who had never smoked, were smokers, and who were ex-smokers. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: City of Malmo, Sweden. PATIENTS: 792 patients with breast cancer diagnosed between 1977-1986 in the Malmo mammographic screening trial. INTERVENTIONS: Follow-up of breast cancer cases through record-linkage with the Swedish Cause of Death

This thesis explores the changing patterns of employment and income assimilation among male immigrants to Sweden. In brief, the results of this work are that immigrants have been facing an increasingly difficult time integrating into the Swedish economy. This difficulty has not been caused by decreasing “quality” of the newer immigrant cohorts, as has often been the argument in the literature. Rat

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors that have been suggested to be associated with the development of SLE. METHODS: A case-control study was performed and a questionnaire was developed to obtain the data. Consecutive female incident cases diagnosed between 1981 and 1999 in a defined geographical area in southern Sweden were included. Controls, matched for calendar year of birth, were selected r

Popular Abstract in Swedish I debatterna om sociala och ekonomiska frågor under 1800-talets första hälft utvecklades grundvalarna för de förhållningssätt till arbetslöshetsfrågan som sedan återkommit i skilda former. Det gällde t.ex. det perspektiv som betonade politikens roll och behovet av statlig intervention för att stimulera produktion och sysselsättning. Det gällde också det renodlade marknaLabour market policy has been at the forefront of economic and political debate in Sweden during the postwar period. Much research effort has been focused on the evolution of labour market policy and its historical roots. The time-perspective has often been narrow, however, and has very seldom extended to include the period prior to the first two decades of the twentieth century. This study emphas

Most applications of positron beams require knowledge of the implantation characteristics for an appropriate interpretation of the experimental data. In this work, the median implantation depth as a function of implantation energy, z1/2(E), of 3–18 keV positrons and their implantation profile P(z,E) in a total of 13 thin films of atactic polystyrene, poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile), and polymethylm

The reversibly photochromic pigment, phycochrome c, was extracted from the blue-green alga Nostoc muscorum strain A. Action spectra were determined for in vitro conversions of the pigment from the short wavelength to the long wavelength form and vice versa. The action peak for the absorbance decrease at 650 nm is at 630 nm. During this decrease there is only a slight increase of the absorbance in

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det huvudsakliga bidraget i denna avhandling är approximationsalgoritmer för flera problem inom beräkningsgeometri. Den underliggande strukturen för de flesta problemen är ett geometriskt nätverk. Ett geometriskt nätverk är, i sin mest abstrakta form, en mängd noder parvis kopplade med en kant, sådan att vikten på denna kant är lika med det Euklidiska (geometriska) avstThe main contribution of this thesis is approximation algorithms for several computational geometry problems. The underlying structure for most of the problems studied is a geometric network. A geometric network is, in its abstract form, a set of vertices, pairwise connected with an edge, such that the weight of this connecting edge is the Euclidean distance between the pair of points connected. S

Many studies have supported a genetic etiology for autism. Here we report mutations in two X-linked genes encoding neuroligins NLGN3 and NLGN4 in siblings with autism-spectrum disorders. These mutations affect cell-adhesion molecules localized at the synapse and suggest that a defect of synaptogenesis may predispose to autism.

The solubility of tri-n-octylamine (TOA) in water and phosphoric acid is reported. Equilibration is achieved by circulating the solutioin through PVC pieces saturated with the absorbed amine in a glass tube. The dissolved TOA is determined by capillary gas chromatography which can detect amine concentrations down to 10 μg l−1. The solubility of TOA in water is 0.039 mg l−1 and in 5.5 M phosphoric

Whole-lake additions of dissolved inorganic C-13 were used to measure allochthony (the terrestrial contribution of organic carbon to aquatic consumers) in two unproductive lakes (Paul and Peter Lakes in 2001), a nutrient-enriched lake (Peter Lake in 2002), and a dystrophic lake (Tuesday Lake in 2002). Three kinds of dynamic models were used to estimate allochthony: a process-rich, dual-isotope flo

A method for the simultaneous determination of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and its metabolites 5-hydroxyl-N-pyrrolidone (5HNMP), N-methylsuccinimide (MSI) and 2-hydroxy-N-methylsuccinimide (2HMSI) in plasma and urine has been developed. Samples were purified by SPE using an ASPEC XL4. Analysis was performed using LC-MS equipped with an APCI interface. The analysis provided linear responses in the

About authorial intention and fictional truth in film studies.

The homolytic cleavage of the organometallic Co-C bond in vitamin B-12-dependent enzymes is accelerated by a factor of similar to 10(12) in the protein compared to that of the isolated cofactor in aqueous solution. To understand this much debated effect, we have studied the Co-C bond cleavage in the enzyme glutamate mutase with combined quantum and molecular mechanics methods. We show that the cal

[abstract missing]

Backgrounds and aims: To investigate mortality, determinants of mortality, and time until death among elderly subjects receiving public long-term care. Methods: This study comprises 626 respondents (age: 65-98 years). Data were collected for two cohorts (2001 and 2002). Cox regression analysis was used to identify determinants of mortality. Those who died and those who did not die were compared by

Human height is a classic, highly heritable quantitative trait. To begin to identify genetic variants influencing height, we examined genome-wide association data from 4,921 individuals. Common variants in the HMGA2 oncogene, exemplified by rs1042725, were associated with height (P= 4x10(-8)). HMGA2 is also a strong biological candidate for height, as rare, severe mutations in this gene alter body