1. We examined the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of zooplankton in lake surface waters during the spring of 3 years in Lake Washington, U.S.A., a large lake with a high production of sockeye salmon fry. 2. We show large within-season and among-year variation in the horizontal distribution of temperature, chlorophyll a concentration, and zooplankton in the lake. The main pattern, a delay in zo

Background: Many studies have been conducted on the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of foetal CNS-malformations. These studies were mostly hospital-based or, sometimes, multicentre studies. We present here a population-based study of the prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida in Sweden over a period of 31 years. Methods: We compared the number of newborns with spina bifida and the elective t

Objective: To investigate the effects of treatment with paraffin bath in patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Methods: In 17 patients with scleroderma one hand was treated daily with paraffin bath in combination with hand exercise. The other hand was treated with exercise only and was considered a control. Hand function was estimated before treatment and after 1 month of treatment, conc

Previous work has demonstrated that most strains of the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes bind kininogens through M protein, a fibrous surface protein and virulence determinant. Here we find that strains of several other pathogenic bacterial species, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, isolated from patients with sepsis, also bind kininogens, especially kininogen (HK). The most pronounced in

The present study is one of a few that have used "sense of coherence" (SOC) as a dependent variable in an explanatory model. After studying three different samples - 680 students, 180 parents and 315 couples - we conclude that family relational and psychopathological variables contribute significantly to the explanation of SOC (explained variance between 10-27 and 26-50 per cent). In total, we obt

We derive a new model for the description of large amplitude internal waves in a two-fluid system. The displacement of the interface between the two fluids is assumed to be of small slope, but no smallness assumption is made on the wave amplitude. The derivation of the model is based on the perturbation theory for Hamiltonian systems. In the case of a single fluid layer, the model reduces to the c

In five patients with clinical suspicion of spinal disease, MRI of the spine revealed unexpected aortic pathology explaining the symptoms. No significant intraspinal pathology was found on MRI. However, in one patient with clinical suspicion of spinal stenosis, an aortic occlusion was detected on MR images of the spine. The lower extremity ischaemia, caused by the occlusion, was responsible for th

Long-chain acyl-CoA thioesterases hydrolyze longchain acyl-CoAs to the corresponding free fatty acid and CoASH and may therefore play important roles in regulation of lipid metabolism. We have recently cloned four members of a highly conserved acyl-CoA thioesterase multigene family expressed in cytosol (CTE-I), mitochondria (MTE-I), and peroxisomes (PTE-Ia and -Ib), all of which are regulated via

The possibility of modelling experiments conducted on P/M steel bars subjected to strain controlled fatigue loading is investigated. The constitutive relation is an extended Gurson model, using a viscoplastic formulation with plasticity driven damage accumulation supplemented by kinematic as we'll as isotropic hardening. The total damage is modelled as the sum of void growth and void nucleation. P

An improved Volume of Fluid (VOF) method is presented which is applicable to high density ratio 3D flows for a large range of bubble Reynolds number (Re). The method is based on the Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible multi-phase flows which are discretized on a Cartesian staggered grid. The multi-grid technique together with the pressure-velocity coupling scheme for multi-phase flows have

Twenty-two patients with recurrent dislocation after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) were compared with 43 randomly selected, stratified THA patients without dislocation with regard to radiographic cup position; body composition of bone, fat, and muscle (lean body mass) as determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; strength in abduction and adduction; range of motion; balance; and vibrat

The stability of single crystals and monolayers of Mn-12 single molecule magnets under the influence of X-ray radiation and other possibly disruptive influences has been investigated by means of synchrotron radiation. Clear evidence for radiation induced sample degradation was found for both single crystals and monolayers. The comparison with spectra obtained after damaging the molecules by Ar+ sp

The mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) has been described as a Survival factor for dopaminergic neurons in vitro, but its expression in mammalian tissues is poorly known. MANF and a homologous Protein, the conserved dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF), form a novel evolutionary conserved family of neurotrophic factors. Here we used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemi

Using beam-foil spectroscopy, we have observed several new lines in the B IV and B V spectra. This experimental work was combined with theoretical calculations using ab initio and semi-empirical techniques. We have also critically evaluated all previous and recent experimental and theoretical data for these spectra. Complete data on wavelengths and energy levels based on this analysis are tabulate

Purpose Radiation therapy is frequently used in treating different types of tumors, although associated with serious side effects, such as fibrosis and complicated diarrhea. This study was designed to define the adhesive mechanisms behind radiotherapy-induced leukocyte recruitment in the colon. Methods All mice, except control animals, were radiated with a single dose of 20 Gy. Mice were pretreate

BACKGROUND: Brain stem herniation due to raised intracranial pressure (ICP) is a common cause of mortality in severe bacterial meningitis, but continuous measurements of ICP and the effects of ICP-reducing therapy in these patients have, to our knowledge, not been described. METHODS: During a four-year period, an ICP-monitoring device was implanted in patients admitted to our hospital with severe

'Strategic research' has become a goal of government policy throughout the industrial world. This paper follows the emergence of new approaches to the funding of 'strategic research' in Sweden, by examining three research foundations created in the late 1990s, and considers their ambitions, limitations, and achievements.