The endogenous NPY system in the brain is centrally involved in seizure regulation. The present paper reviews the evidence that exogenously applied NPY receptor ligands can inhibit epileptic seizures in various rodent in vitro and in vivo models. Agonists at Y2 and/or Y5 receptors and antagonists at Y1 receptors appear to inhibit seizures, depending on the seizure model studied. Although progress

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna studie rapporterar ett undervisningsförsök i en 8:e klass (age 14-15) med 20 elever. Eleverna har bearbetat en naturvetenskaplig problemställning om växthuseffekten och jordens globala uppvärmning utifrån ett problemlösande och informationssökandarbete i grupp. Deras uppgift har varit att beskriva de fenomen och faktorer som påverkar jordens globala temperatur i oThis study gives an account of a teaching situation in the eighth grade with 20 student's aged 14-15. The students have worked with a scientific problem focussed on the greenhouse effect and the earth's global warming, based on a problem solving and information seeking way of working in groups. Their task has been to describe the phenomena and factors that influence the earth's global temperature

Sediment-dispersed extraterrestrial chromite grains (63-355 mu m) have been recovered in a section across the Arenig-Llanvirn transition in the Killerod quarry in southeastern Scania. Previous studies of the same stratigraphic interval in the Orthoceratite Limestone at Kinnekulle, ca. 350 km to the north in Vastergotland, have shown a two orders of magnitude increase in extraterrestrial chromite b

A set of equations are put into a code forming a procedure to derive intensities of fluorescence lilies based on both physical properties of the fluorescent plasma and its location relative to the origin of the pumping emission. In a first test, the code is applied to symbiotic stars, and effort is made to explain the circumstances under which the two known Fell channels pumped by C IV are activat

Dwarf eggs, e.g. eggs that are very much smaller than normal eggs, are occasionally found among normal eggs in nests of birds. Although they are not often mentioned in the handbooks, the frequency of dwarf eggs seems to be about one per thousand, or less. In 2001 I found one dwarf egg in a nest with two eggs of the Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus at Ammarnas in Swedish Lapland. I did not

In the region near 1 µm, we have found laser action in a quantum transition between highly excited states of Fe II, with its higher levels being optically pumped by the intense H Ly radiation (1215 Å) formed in the ionized HII region of a gas condensation (blob B) in the close vicinity of the central star in Carinae.

Aim: To investigate the anatomical and functional results and the complications in eyes operated on using vitrectomy without scleral buckling for all forms of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment ( RRD). Methods: All cases of primary RRD at the University Hospital of Lund, Lund, Sweden, treated by one surgeon during a period of 3 years were retrospectively reviewed. In 131 ( 98%) of 134 consecutive c

Den övergripande målsättningen med projektet har varit att utifrån en prototyp av OE-staven ta fram ett fungerande mätsystem som håller jämförbar standard med dagens RF-mätningar. OE-metoden har visat sig uppfylla dessa krav och samtidigt vara ett kraftfullt verktyg för mätningar av RF-profiler i betongkonstruktioner. OE-metoden lämpar sig bäst att användas i svårbemästrade mätsituationer samt i s

Popular Abstract in Swedish Att klara sig trots allt: Den sociala och produktiva dynamiken hos småbönderna i de halvtorra områdena i Iringa i norra Tanzania. Det är inte lätt att överleva som småbonde i de halvtorra områdena i Iringa och på liknande platser i Afrika. Man kontrollerar knappast sin egen livssituation. Regnen är opålitliga, priser, marknadsföring och politiska ingrepp är oförutsägbaWhile much of semi-arid Africa is still sparsely populated with unused land, there are everywhere pockets of high and increasing population density in attractive locations. Small-scale farmers can respond to beginning land-scarcity in a number of ways. Through migration, through diversification of livelihoods, or through changes in their farming system. Which solution is chosen, depends not only o

Hydration of hen egg white lysozyme was studied by using the method of sorption calorimetry at 25, 40, and 50degreesC. Desorption calorimetric measurements were performed at 25 and 40degreesC. The activity of water and partial molar enthalpy of mixing of water were determined as functions of water content. Hydration of lysozyme occurs in four steps: slow penetration of water into the protein-prote

The hyperfine-structure splitting for the 4 and 52P1/2 states of sodium was measured using step-wise laser excitation combined with rf-resonance techniques. The magnetic dipole interaction constants were found to be a(42P1/2)=30.4(5) MHz and a(52P1/2) =13.3(2) MHz. The results are compared with a theoretical calculation, taking polarization effects into account.

The biologic evaluation in living rats of 68Ga-labeled oligonucleotides as imaging agents for PET is reported. Methods: 68Ga, a positron-emitting radionuclide (half-life, 68 min), along with a macrocyclic chelating agent, 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), was used for labeling of antisense oligonucleotides targeting activated human K-ras oncogene. The biologic p

Sequential isolates from eight cynomolgus monkeys experimentally infected with Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm, of sooty mangabey origin) were tested for coreceptor use in the human osteosarcoma indicator cell line, GHOST(3), expressing CD4 and one or another of the chemokine receptors CCR3, CCR5, CXCR4, BOB, or the orphan receptor Bonzo. The indicator cell line carries the human immunodefici

In the Baltic Sea, floating blooms of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria occur yearly during late summer. These blooms can sometimes be limited by iron. Due to extensive foresting around the Baltic Sea, iron is entering the Baltic Sea partly bound to dissolved organic material (DOM) via rivers. An experiment was performed in 300 1 laboratory mesocosms to test the hypothesis that riverine high-molecular

In this paper, two new simple residual-based panel data tests are proposed for the null of no cointegration. The tests are simple because they do not require any correction for the temporal dependencies of the data. Yet they are able to accommodate individual specific short-run dynamics, individual specific intercept and trend terms, and individual specific slope parameters. The limiting distribut