The recent success in restoring normoglycemia in type 1 diabetes by islet cell transplantation indicates that cell replacement therapy of this severe disease is achievable. However, the severe lack of donor islets has increased the demand for alternative sources of beta-cells, such as adult and embryonic stem cells. Here, we investigate the potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to differ

Human fetal brain is a potential source of neural stem cells (NSCs) for cell replacement therapy in neurodegenerative diseases. We explored whether NSCs isolated from cortex and striatum of human fetuses, aged 6-9 weeks post-conception, maintain their regional identity and differentiate into specific neuron types in culture and after intrastriatal transplantation in neonatal rats. We observed no d

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the imaging findings and staging of rectal carcinoma by using conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR imaging with an enema of superparamagnetic ferristene-based contrast material, and MR imaging with an enema of ferristene solution plus intravenous injection of gadodiamide. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients (17 women, 12 men; age range, 39-91 ye

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: In Guinea-Bissau HIV-1, HIV-2, and HTLV-I are prevalent in the general population. The natural history of HIV/HTLV-I single and dual infections has not been fully elucidated in this population. Previous studies have shown that combinations of these infections are more common in older women than in men. The present study compares mortality associated with HIV-1, HIV-2, and HTL

Popular Abstract in Swedish Johan Olof Wallin (1779-1839) har främst genom sina psalmer haft stor betydelse för hur kristen tro och etik har uppfattats i svenskt kultur- och kyrkoliv. Inom tidigare forskning har diskuterats om Wallin är dygdetiker, moralist, neolog eller romantiker. Hans åskådning har kritiserats för att den ger människans handlande en enligt lutherskt synsätt alltför stor betydelThis study focusses on the question of the moral status of actions, a question subdivided into two further questions: 'What is held to characterize morally right action?' and 'What is a morally good life?' Texts by Johan Olof Wallin (1779-1839)-pastor, Archbishop in the Church of Sweden, hymn writer and poet-are analyzed in detail. The scope of the study is theological/ethical and its method is de

A typical feature of the boreal forest landscape is a gradient from dry to wet sites, with associated increases in the depth of the soil organic layers. In this study, the coupled ecosystem-soil biogeochemistry model GUESS-ROMUL is used to explore how the specific features of soil organic matter decomposition and vegetation dynamics account for an observed difference between the soils formed under

Popular Abstract in Swedish Autoimmun diabetes karakteriseras av cell medierad autoimmunitet mot insulinproducerande beta celler i Langerhanska öar. Typ 1 diabetes är den största typen av diabetes i barn och ungdomar och antas vara orsakad av Th1-cell drivet angrepp av beta celler. Den betydligt vanligare typ 2 diabetes antas inte vara en autoimmun sjukdom men diabetes specifika autoantikroppar (IAutoimmune diabetes is characterized by cell mediated autoimmunity against insulin producing beta cells in pancreatic islets. Type 1 diabetes is the major cause of diabetes in children and adolescents and is believed to be mediated by a Thl driven destruction of beta cells. The much more prevalent type 2 diabetes is not considered as an autoimmune disease but diabetes specific autoantibodies (ICA

We use integrability to prove the stability of smooth periodic solutions of the Camassa-Holm equation. In particular, the smooth periodic traveling wave solutions are shown to be orbitally stable.

Positive-energy one-particle levels for neutrons in Y20 deformed Woods-Saxon potentials are examined using the eigenphase representation. Taking the example of =1/2+ levels, not only one-particle resonant levels but also all solutions in the eigenphase representation within a model space are studied. It is shown that a particular eigenphase solution among an infinite number of eigenphase solutions

Resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy has been applied to study radiative decay processes following the N 1s near-edge excitations in solid LiNO3. It has been shown that the origin of both nonresonant and resonant spectra are essentially molecular, their shape being primarily determined by the electron transitions between molecular orbitals of the quasiisolated NO3- anion. A strong low-energy sideb

Polyamines added extracellularly to intestinal and vascular smooth muscle cells cause relaxation through inhibition of Ca2+ channel activity. Intracellularly applied polyamines also affect Ca2+ channel properties. Polyamines do not readily pass over the plasma membrane because of their positive charges but in permeabilized smooth muscle preparations they have free access to the cytoplasm. In this

By direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified DNA from different individuals, three point mutations have been found in a 220-bp fragment from the promoter region of the human cystatin C gene. The three mutations are all localized within a short segment of 85 bp on the same allele. One of the base substitutions results in the generation of a novel SstII restriction site and anot

Supply chain management involves the selection, coordination and motivation of independently operated suppliers. The central planner's perspective in operations management translates poorly to vertically separated chains, where suppliers recurrently seem to object to benevolent information sharing and centralized decision rights. Seen from the supplier's perspective, such resistance may very well

Erythroblast transformation-specific domain (ETS) transcription factors regulate some of the critical molecular mechanisms controlling the differentiation of multipotent haematopoietic progenitor cells into effector B-lymphocytes. The SPI-group ETS-protein transcription factors PU.1 and SPI-B play essential and, although coexpressed and binding to similar DNA sequences, unique roles in B-cell diff