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Negative-ion/positive-ion coincidence spectroscopy as a tool to identify anionic fragments : The case of core-excited CHF3

We have studied the dissociation of the trifluoromethane molecule, CHF3, into negative ionic fragments at the C 1s and F 1s edges. The measurements were performed by detecting coincidences between negative and positive ions. We observed five different negative ions: F−, H−, C−, CF−, and F2 −. Their production was confirmed by the analysis of triple coincidence events (negative-ion/positive-ion/pos

Evaluation of penicillin G susceptibility testing methods for Staphylococcus lugdunensis

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus lugdunensis belongs to the CoNS group, but is regarded to be more virulent than most other CoNS. It is also remarkably susceptible to antibiotics, including penicillin G. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate different methods for penicillin susceptibility testing, to assess penicillin susceptibility rates among S. lugdunensis and to describe the clinical presentation including antibi

The effect of maternal body mass index on duration of induced labor

Introduction: Obese primiparous women with induction of labor are at high risk for a cesarean section. There are contradictory results regarding time in induced labor in relation to maternal body mass index (BMI). It is important to characterize the course of induced labor to prevent unnecessary cesarean section. We aimed to evaluate whether the duration of labor was associated with maternal BMI i

Prediction of clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, vascular, mixed, and all-cause dementia by a polygenic risk score and APOE status in a community-based cohort prospectively followed over 17 years

The strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the ε4 allele of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and recent genome-wide association meta-analyses have confirmed additional associated genetic loci with smaller effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of an AD polygenic risk score (PRS) and APOE status to predict clinical diagnosis of AD, vascular (VD), mixed (MD), and

Improving risk assessment in the European Food Safety Authority: lessons from the European Medicines Agency

The recent Regulation (EU) 2019/1381, published on the 6th September 2019, aims to improve the transparency and sustainability of the EU risk assessment in the food chain by amending the General Food Law Regulation (EC 178/2002) and a number of other regulations related to the food sector. This Regulation is introduced as a response to the Fitness Check of the General Food Law Regulation as well a

Quantification and detection of genetic risk factors in the familial aggregation of cancer : Habilitation thesis

SummaryCancer is a multifactorial inheritance disorder caused by a combination of small variations in genes, often acting together with environmental factors. GWASs provide a potential method to investigate the genetic basis of such complex diseases, but they are limited to two main classes of cancer susceptibility variants with different levels of risk and prevalence in the general population: ra

Incentives in Education and Moral Behavior in Groups

This thesis uses field experiments, lab experiments, and theory to study questions that are relevant to the fields of education and behavioral economics.The first paper, Threshold Incentives and Academic Performance, begins with the observation that students often face incentives to reach performance thresholds. To study how these incentives affect their performance, Erik Wengström and I conduct a

Optimal Trade-Off Between Economic Activity and Health During an Epidemic

Thispaperconsidersasimplemodelwhereasocialplannercaninfluencethespread-intensity of an infection wave, and, consequently, also the economic activity and population health, throughasingleparameter. Populationhealthisassumedtoonlybenegativelyaffectedwhen thenumberofsimultaneouslyinfectedexceedshealthcarecapacity. Themainfindingisthat if (i) the planner attaches a positive weight on economic activity a

Organizing Time Exchanges: Lessons from Matching Markets

This paper considers time exchanges via a common platform (e.g., markets for exchanging time units, positions at education institutions, and tuition waivers). There are several problems associated with such markets, e.g., imbalanced outcomes, coordination problems, and inefficiencies. We model time exchanges as matching markets and construct a non-manipulable mechanism that selects an individually

Cooking and electronic cigarettes leading to large differences between indoor and outdoor particle composition and concentration measured by aerosol mass spectrometry

We spend about two thirds of our time in private homes where airborne particles of indoor and outdoor origins are present. The negative health effects of exposure to outdoor particles are known. The characteristics of indoor airborne particles, though, are not well understood. This study assesses the differences in chemical composition of PM1 (

Migration of murine intestinal dendritic cell subsets upon intrinsic and extrinsic TLR3 stimulation

Initiation of adaptive immunity to particulate antigens in lymph nodes largely depends on their presentation by migratory dendritic cells (DCs). DC subsets differ in their capacity to induce specific types of immunity, allowing subset-specific DC-targeting to influence vaccination and therapy outcomes. Faithful drug design, however, requires exact understanding of subset-specific versus global act

Divergent T follicular helper cell requirement for IgA and IgE production to peanut during allergic sensitization

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the dominant antibody isotype in the gut and has been shown to regulate microbiota. Mucosal IgA is also widely believed to prevent food allergens from penetrating the gut lining. Even though recent work has elucidated how bacteria-reactive IgA is induced, little is known about how IgA to food antigens is regulated. Although IgA is presumed to be induced in a healthy gut a

αvβ8 integrin-expression by BATF3-dependent dendritic cells facilitates early IgA responses to Rotavirus

Secretory intestinal IgA can protect from re-infection with rotavirus (RV), but very little is known about the mechanisms that induce IgA production during intestinal virus infections. Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) in the intestine can facilitate both T cell-dependent and -independent secretory IgA. Here, we show that BATF3-dependent cDC1, but not cDC2, are critical for the optimal induction of

Odlade alger – ett framtidshopp?

Algodling är globalt en stor industri, men produktionen i Europa är liten. Algodling kan bidra till ekonomisk tillväxt genom produktion av biomassa och samtidigt tillhandahålla miljönyttor som exempelvis upptag av kväve och fosfor ur havet. Ett hinder för utvecklingen av algodling kan vara låg vinstpotential i industrin. Därför undersöker vi lönsamheten i algodling på den svenska västkusten. Vi fi

What is diatomite?

Different types of biogenic remains, ranging from siliceous algae to carbonate precipitates, accumulate in the sediments of lakes and other aquatic ecosystems. Unicellular algae called diatoms, which form a siliceous test or frustule, are an ecologically and biogeochemically important group of organisms in aquatic environments and are often preserved in lake or marine sediments. When diatoms accum