Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside and self-renew in the bone marrow (BM) niche. Overall, the signaling that regulates stem cell dormancy in the HSC niche remains controversial. Here, we demonstrate that TGF-beta type II receptor-deficient HSCs show low-level Smad activation and impaired long-term repopulating activity, underlining the critical role of TGF-beta/Smad signaling in HSC maintenanc

Two years of harmonized aerosol number size distribution data from 24 European field monitoring sites have been analysed. The results give a comprehensive overview of the European near surface aerosol particle number concentrations and number size distributions between 30 and 500 nm of dry particle diameter. Spatial and temporal distribution of aerosols in the particle sizes most important for cli

Families of generalized spatially-coupled low-density parity-check (GSC-LDPC) code ensembles can be formed by terminating protograph-based generalized LDPC convolutional (GLDPCC) codes. It has previously been shown that ensembles of GSC-LDPC codes constructed from a protograph have better iterative decoding thresholds than their block code counterparts, and that, for large termination lengths, the

There is no a priori reason to suppose that price-setting behaviour is homogeneous across sectors and countries. Aggregate data are, however, commonly used to estimate the New Keynesian Phillips curve (NKPC), which may very well yield erroneous results if price-setting behaviour is heterogeneous. In this paper, we therefore estimate the hybrid NKPC for the Euro Area using a novel sectoral data set

Coupled folding-binding is central to the function of many intrinsically disordered proteins, yet not fully understood. With a continuous three-letter protein model, we explore the free-energy landscape of pairs of interacting sequences and how it is impacted by 1), variations in the binding mechanism; and 2), the addition of disordered flanks to the binding region. In particular, we focus on two

Thiabendazole (TBZ) is widely used as a pre-planting and post-harvest agricultural fungicide and as an anthelminthic in humans and animals. TBZ is of toxicological concern, since adverse effects including nephrogenic, hepatogenic, teratogenic and neurological effects have been reported in mammals. Occupational exposure can occur among agricultural workers and the general public may be environmenta

We image the field enhancement at Ag nanostructures using femtosecond laser pulses with a center wavelength of 1.55 mu m. Imaging is based on non-linear photoemission observed in a photoemission electron microscope (PEEM). The images are directly compared to ultra violet PEEM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the same structures. Further, we have carried out atomic scale scanning t

The present work describes the development of a novel direct screening method, assayed in 96-well format, for evaluation of enzymatic alkyl glycoside production in a hexanol water two-phase system. Alkyl glycosides are surfactants with a range of applications and with good biodegradability and low toxicity. Enzymatic synthesis makes it possible to prepare beta-D-glucopyranosides with high purity.

Response to targeted therapies varies significantly despite shared oncogenic mutations. Nowhere is this more apparent than in BRAF(V600E)-mutated melanomas where initial drug response can be striking and yet relapse is commonplace. Resistance to BRAF inhibitors have been attributed to the activation of various receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) though the underlying mechanisms have been largely unch

We identified the first set of microsatellites for use in the rock firefinch (Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis). First, we tested existing passerine microsatellite loci for cross-species amplification success in a small sample of rock firefinches and identified 10 loci that were seemingly polymorphic and easy to score. Secondly, we developed and characterized three microsatellite loci de novo from th

CONTEXT: The psychosocial health and working capacity in hypopituitary patients receiving long-term growth hormone (GH) therapy are unknown. OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial health and levels of employment were compared between GH deficient (GHD) patients on long-term replacement and the general population. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: In a Swedish nationwide study, 851 GHD patients [101 childhood onset (CO) a

In this study we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the genes coding for BDNF (Val66Met) and VEGF (C2578A) may be associated with maladaptive strategies among suicide attempt patients. We found that BDNF Val66Met gene polymorphism probably affect avoidant coping strategies.

During GH therapy for 2.3-9.6 years a male adult onset (AO) GH deficient (GHD) patient with a diagnosis of a non-functioning adenoma, have no increased all-cause mortality. However, women with AO GHD are still at a slightly higher risk. This general improvement in mortality is due to; more contemporary regiment of cardiovascular drugs, a refinement of surgical procedures, besides GH therapy improv

Mobile communication systems are becoming increasingly heterogeneous as new standards emerge. Currently, the wireless operators are upgrading their existing 3G networks such as UMTS and CDMA2000 to different kinds of 4G networks such as LTE and WiMAX. We can witness these days that mobile terminals are having the capability to access many of these wireless network types. The networks are very diff

Five adult volunteers participated in a biokinetic study of radioactive polonium. Portions of about 10Bq of (209)Po were orally administrated to four of the volunteers in a single ingestion. The fifth volunteer ingested a daily amount of 53mBq of 209Po for 243d to study the time to achieve equilibrium between intake and excretion for protracted intakes. For the subjects ingesting single intakes of

To investigate the role of P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors in hypoxia- and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction.

A measurement of the ZZ production cross section in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.02 fb(-1) recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC is presented. Twelve events containing two Z boson candidates decaying to electrons and/or muons are observed, with an expected background of 0.3 +/- 0.3(stat)(-0.3)(+0.4)(syst) events. The cro