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Wnt5a induces a tolerogenic phenotype of macrophages in sepsis and breast cancer patients.

A well-orchestrated inflammatory reaction involves the induction of effector functions and, at a later stage, an active downregulation of this potentially harmful process. In this study we show that under proinflammatory conditions the noncanonical Wnt protein, Wnt5a, induces immunosuppressive macrophages. The suppressive phenotype induced by Wnt5a is associated with induction of IL-10 and inhibit

A rigid barrier between the heart and sternum protects the heart and lungs against rupture during negative pressure wound therapy.

OBJECTIVES: Right ventricular heart rupture is a devastating complication associated with negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in cardiac surgery. The use of a rigid barrier has been suggested to offer protection against this lethal complication, by preventing the heart from being drawn up and damaged by the sharp edges of the sternum. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a ri

Do airway clearance mechanisms influence the local and systemic effects of inhaled corticosteroids?

The role of airway clearance in inhaled drug therapy is complex. Disease-induced bronchoconstriction results in a central drug-deposition pattern where mucociliary clearance is most efficient. When drug-induced bronchodilation is achieved, deposition and uptake becomes more peripheral, and because there is less mucociliary clearance in the periphery, this will lead to an unintentional increase in

Knowledge Representation for Learning How to Evaluate Partial Plans

In this paper we present some ideas for knowledge representation formalism suitable for rational agents which learn how to choose the best conditional, partial plan in any given situation. In our architecture, the agent uses an incomplete symbolic inference engine, employing Active Logic, to reason about consequences of performing actions — including information-providing ones. It utilises a simpl

A Clinical Scoring Algorithm for Determination of the Risk of Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Adults: A Cohort Study Performed at Ethiopian Health Centers.

The World Health Organization (WHO) tuberculosis (TB) symptom screening instrument (WHO-TB) can identify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals at low risk of tuberculosis (TB); however, many patients report WHO-TB symptoms and require further TB investigations. We hypothesized that further clinical scoring could classify subjects with a positive WHO-TB screening result (WHO-TB(+)

Sleep and recovery in physicians on night call: a longitudinal field study.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: It is well known that physicians' night-call duty may cause impaired performance and adverse effects on subjective health, but there is limited knowledge about effects on sleep duration and recovery time. In recent years occupational stress and impaired well-being among anaesthesiologists have been frequently reported for in the scientific literature. Given their main focus o

Evidence against a blood derived origin for transforming growth factor beta induced protein in corneal disorders caused by mutations in the TGFBI gene

PURPOSE: Several inherited corneal disorders in humans result from mutations in the transforming growth factor beta induced gene (TGFBI), which encodes for the extracellular transforming growth factor beta induced protein (TGFBIp) that is one of the most abundant proteins in the cornea. We previously reported a significant amount of TGFBIp in plasma by immunoblotting using the only TGFBIp antiseru

Levelling off of prevalence of obesity in the adult population of Sweden between 2000/01 and 2004/05.

BACKGROUND: The escalating global epidemic of obesity is of worldwide concern because of its association with several chronic diseases and premature mortality. Some subgroups seem to be more affected than others. The aim of this study was to examine whether the mean BMI (adjusted for age) and the prevalence of obesity (adjusted for all the explanatory variables) changed between 2000/01 and 2004/05

Altered expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition proteins in extraprostatic prostate cancer.

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells involves loss of epithelial polarity and adhesiveness, and gain of invasive and migratory mesenchymal behaviours. EMT occurs in prostate cancer (PCa) but it is unknown whether this is in specific areas of primary tumours. We examined whether any of eleven EMT-related proteins have altered expression or subcellular localisation within the e