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The reconstruction of extensive tracheal defects is still an unsolved challenge for thoracic surgery. Tissue engineering is a promising possibility to solve this problem through the generation of an autologous tracheal replacement from patients' own tissue. Therefore, this study investigated the potential of three different coculture systems, combining human respiratory epithelial cells and human

Stories that the audience can influence (such as computer games and other interactive multimedia), in contrast to 'traditional' stories (such as books and cinema), present a challenge to fields which take narrative (story) as their study object. What is the difference between these two kinds of stories? Earlier theories have focused on differences in media, structure, or the audience's physical ac

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a special form of diabetes that is clinically similar to type 2 diabetes but with positivity for pancreatic autoantibodies. The frequency of LADA patients among all patients diagnosed as type 2 varies between 6-50% in various populations. The frequency is higher in younger age groups. It is clear, however, that the frequency of autoimmune diabetes amo

Purpose: To study the effect of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) on bone mineral density (BMD) in an observational longitudinal study. Methods: In 1995-97, as part of the Nord-Trondelag Health Study, Norway, 10,941 subjects aged 20yr or more, either reporting asthma diagnosis/asthma-related symptoms or randomly selected, were interviewed, underwent spirometry and had their forearm BMD assessed. Among

According to a previous study, 8% of all children in Dalby primary care district were chronically ill. The impact of the illness on the children's well-being was investigated using parental questionnaires. No difference in socio-demographic variables was found between responders (70%) and non-responders. The study comprised 98 index and 168 control children. Comfort and well-being in school and pr

The effect of core polarization on the oscillator strength for the resonance transition in neutral zinc is investigated using the multiconfiguration Hartree Fock approach. The use of model potentials and corrections to the dipole operator is compared to a method, where the core polarization is represented by including configuration state functions, with one hole in the 3d core subshell in the CI-e

In a 24-year sub-sample taken from a 42-year period of study (1950-1991), hip fracture incidence was analysed from a defined catchment area within one hospital. During this time, 8,256 hip fractures occurred in a generated risk population of 1,915,571 person-years. Crude incidence increased three-fold in women and five-fold in men. In men, the age-specific increase was twice as large as the age dr

Objectives To develop flexible classifiers that predict malignancy in adnexal masses using a large database from nine centers. Methods The database consisted of 1066 patients with at least one persistent adnexal mass for which a large amount of clinical and ultrasound data were recorded. The outcome of interest was the histological classification of the adnexal mass as benign or malignant. The out

Engineering heat transfer problems are very often of a complex nature and most often no analytical solutions exist. One way to create solutions to such problems is to apply numerical methods. This study concerns heat transfer problems with coupled conduction, convection and thermal radiation. Five important but different engineering problems are considered: 1) The transient temperature distributi

Popular Abstract in SwedishGester betraktas ofta populärt som det mest typiska sättet för språkinlärare att lösa kommunikativa problem. Trots det har gester sällan studerats inom ramen för teorier som rör bruket eller inlärningen av andraspråk. Den här studien avser att redogöra för hur andraspråksinlärare använder spontana eller koverbala gester som kommunikationsstrategier. Gester klassificeras Gesture is always mentioned in descriptions of compensatory behaviour in second language discourse, yet it has never been adequately integrated into any theory of Communication Strategies (CSs). This study suggests a method for achieving such an integration. By combining a cognitive theory of speech-associated gestures with a process-oriented framework for CSs, gesture and speech can be seen as re

The pathogenesis of cerebral ischaemia after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) still remains elusive. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether specific protein kinas C (PKC) inhibition in rats could alter the transcriptional SAH induced Endothelin (ET) type B and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 1B (5-HT1B) receptor upregulation and prevent the associated cerebral blood flow (CBF) reduction. T

A consecutive series of patients with granulocytopenia was analysed with consideration of rate and spectrum of infectious complications. The records of 98 patients from 1975-81 were studied retrospectively. Fever was the most common symptom of infection. 78 patients had one or more infectious manifestations, and Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen isolated. Septicemia occurred in 22

The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of a low calcium diet to the cortical and trabecular osteoporosis seen in ovariectomized rats after 7 weeks on a low calcium diet and to investigate the effects of the bisphosphonate clodronate on this development of osteoporosis. Thirty-six mature, female Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: Ovx-B (bisphosphonate) and Ovx-C (control)

PD98059 blocks mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by inhibiting its activator, MAP kinase kinase (MEK). We have previously found that PD98059 only transiently inhibits spontaneous axonal outgrowth from adult mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants, whereas it causes sustained inhibition of nerve growth factor (NGF)-stimulated growth. Surprisingly, the present results showed that outgrowth st

Alzheimer´s Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative dementia characterized by the extracellular accumulation of the beta-amyloid (Ab) peptide into plaques and intracellular phosphorylation and accumulation of tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Inflammation due to astrocytic and microglial activation is one of the ongoing processes in the disease giving rise to cytokine product

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The present thesis mainly focuses on the numerical simulation of the turbulent flow field and acoustics developed in different industrial applications. The study covers a large range of Mach numbers, starting from incompressible regimes and ending with a fully compressible flow. In the first part of the thesis, several computations of an incompressible flow, are performed in order to study the be