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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Dissecting the genetics of complex polygenic diseases in which environmental factors interact with genetic variants in the predisposition to the disease has not been a trivial task and success has been limited. The purpose of this review is to provide insights into recent advances in genetics of type 2 diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS: In the past year, together the consortia of severa
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is widely expressed throughout the CNS and exerts a number of important physiological functions as well as playing a role in pathological conditions such as obesity, anxiety, epilepsy, chronic pain and neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we highlight some of the recent advances in our understanding of NPY biology and how this may help explain not only its role in heal
In the process of obtaining a driver's license, a healthy 28year old man presented increased levels of disialo-transferrin (TF) (approx. 20%, ref. value<2) by HPLC analysis of TF isoforms (%CDT), while other markers of excessive alcohol consumption (PEth, MCV and γ-GT) were in the normal range. The objective of this study was to determine the cause of the increased %CDT levels.
PURPOSE: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene amplification or protein overexpression (HER2 positivity) defines a clinically challenging subgroup of patients with breast cancer (BC) with variable prognosis and response to therapy. We aimed to investigate the heterogeneous biologic appearance and clinical behavior of HER2-positive tumors using molecular profiling. PATIENTS AND METHO
Background: Linalool is a common fragrance terpene that, in pure form, is not allergenic or is a very weak allergen. However, linalool autoxidizes on air exposure, and the oxidation products can cause contact allergy. In a Swedish study, oxidized linalool 6.0% in petrolatum (pet.) gave 5% positive patch test reactions in 2500 dermatitis patients. Objectives: To investigate whether oxidized linal
OBJECTIVES: To analyse 80-kVp 16-MDCT in patients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) and diminished renal function after a reduction in dose of contrast medium (CM) from 200 to 150 mg I/kg. METHODS: Fifty patients with suspected PE and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 50 mL/min underwent 80-kVp 16-MDCT with 150 mg I/kg. Mean density/image noise (1 standard deviation) was m
The aim of this study was to determine whether educational length affects prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and the time to prostate biopsy for men with raised PSA values.
OBJECTIVE:: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate if the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduced the prevalence of benign anastomotic strictures after uncomplicated esophagectomies with gastric tube reconstruction and circular stapled anastomoses. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA:: Benign anastomotic strictures are associated with anastomotic leaks or conduit ischemia. Also patients without th
Weaponry and color badges are commonly theorized to function as visual signals of aggressiveness or fighting ability. However, few studies have supported a signaling function of weaponry, and the role of color in invertebrate competitive interactions remains virtually unexplored. Jumping spiders (Salticidae) make excellent invertebrate models for studying weaponry and color because males of many s
OBJECTIVES: Apolipoproteins affect development of atherosclerosis, but their involvement in the pathogenesis of critical limb ischemia (CLI), a severe form of atherosclerosis, has not previously been examined. DESIGN AND METHODS: ApoA-I, apoB, and apoM were measured in plasma from 196 CLI subjects and 214 control individuals from the background population. RESULTS: Cases had lower levels of the ap
The aim of this study was to investigate long-term development of hearing in subjects who had received platinum-based chemotherapy in childhood or adolescence. Another aim was to assess the self-reported hearing loss handicap and compare it to audiometric measurements. Medical records from individuals diagnosed with childhood cancer and treated with platinum-based chemotherapy between 1985 and 200
Ample evidence shows that, in many developed countries, immigrants have similar or better perinatal health outcomes than natives despite facing socioeconomic disadvantages in the host country ("healthy migrant paradox" -HMP). This scoping review aims to: (1) summarize the literature on perinatal health among immigrants and natives in Spain and (2) examine whether there is evidence of the HMP in a
Objective: The use of cytological specimens to evaluate tumour biomarkers in metastatic breast cancer lesions has attracted increased interest because of the considerable number of reports that have shown discordance between the primary tumour and metastatic lesion. Oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) assays are crucial for the management of patients with breast cancer, in bot
CD103(+) dendritic cells (DCs) represent the major migratory DC population in the intestinal lamina propria and are believed to play an essential role in the initiation and regulation of mucosal adaptive immune responses. Small intestine (SI) CD103(+) DCs have an enhanced capacity to generate the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, a property that underlies their ability to induce the gut homing
The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between self-reported and professionally assessed functional limitations in community-dwelling very old individuals. In total, 306 single-living adults aged 81-90 years were included in this cross-sectional study. The main outcome measure was the presence and absence of self-reported and professionally assessed functional limitations. A s
The reproductive tract is continuously challenged by potential pathogens present in the environment. Therefore, robust host defense mechanisms are essential both for the health of the individual and for fertilization. Antibiotic innate immunity peptides possess broad antimicrobial activity. Recently, we found that the CXC chemokine, granulocyte chemotactic protein (GCP)-2/CXCL6, possesses antibact
This study examines Swedish young adults (mean age 21) with a history of conduct disorder (CD) as adolescents. Using medical records, this study explores the relationship between adolescent inpatients and their outcomes in adulthood. Two outcome variables were used: an indication of non-successful outcome variable (seven undesirable outcomes) and sense of coherence. Using multiple regression analy
