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This paper examines how legal science can provide a new perspective and instrument of analysis for understanding how action is produced by legal rules in a given system. By treating legal rules as a factor of explanation in perceiving political action, the authors aim to use them as a scientific perspective that will reflect whether there is a normative determination to generate harmonised legisla
The structural integrity of the ubiquitous enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD1) relies critically on the correct coordination of Cu and Zn. Loss of these cofactors not only promotes SOD1 aggregation in vitro but also seems to be a key prerequisite for pathogenic misfolding in the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We examine here the consequences of Zn2+ loss by selective
The combination of the CELSIUS ring, operating in slow ramping mode, the cluster-jet target. the large multi-detector array CHICSi and additional internal and external detector systems for specific emission components in p-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions is presented. This combination operates Well under realistic experimental conditions. Scientific perspectives, commissioning and first exp
We demonstrate metal organic vapour phase epitaxy growth of GaP/GaAs1-xPx/GaP double heterostructure nanowires on GaP(111)B, and report bright photoluminescence at room temperature. By using different PH3 to AsH3 flow ratios during growth of the GaAs1-xPx segment, we are able to control the composition of the segment, making it feasible to tune the wavelength of the emitted light. A photoluminesce
Aim To implement plant hydraulic architecture within the Lund-Potsdam-Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (LPJ-DGVM), and to test the model against a set of observational data. If the model can reproduce major patterns in vegetation and ecosystem processes, we consider this to be an important linkage between plant physiology and larger-scale ecosystem dynamics. Location The location is global, ge
Background: Malignant hyperthermia (MH) susceptibility is a pharmacogenetic disorder of intracellular calcium homeostasis. In susceptible individuals, halogenated anaesthetics and/or suxamethonium may trigger an MH reaction. The diagnosis of MH susceptibility is made by an in vitro contracture test of biopsied muscle strips. Methods: In 27 MH susceptible (MHS) probands and four MH negative (MHN) p
Protein HC is a low molecular weight heterogeneous glycoprotein widely distributed in human body fluids and belonging to the lipocalin superfamily. The monomer contains a single (183 amino acid residues long) peptide chain with 3 cysteine residues (2 of which form a disulfide bridge) and is glycosylated. The molecular mass of the glycosylated protein is about 27 kDa. Native gel electrophoresis res
Femtosecond time-resolved small and wide angle x-ray diffuse scattering techniques are applied to investigate the ultrafast nucleation processes that occur during the ablation process in semiconducting materials. Following intense optical excitation, a transient liquid state of high compressibility characterized by large-amplitude density fluctuations is observed and the buildup of these fluctuati
Background: The global prevalence of obesity and overweight is increasing rapidly among adults as well as among children and adolescents. Recent genome-wide association studies have provided strong support for association between variants in the FTO gene and obesity. We sequenced regions of the FTO gene to identify novel variants that are associated with obesity and related metabolic traits. Resul
Previous research has found that genetic and nonshared environmental factors influence Marital quality (Spotts et al., 2004). The current study explored personality as a source for these genetic and environmental individual differences. A sample of 752 Swedish twin women and their spouses were used. Genetic and environmental influences were found for self-report measures of Marital quality, but on
Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are antiapoptotic regulators that block cell death in response to diverse stimuli. They are expressed at elevated levels in human malignancies and are attractive targets for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. Herein, we demonstrate that small-molecule IAP antagonists bind to select baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR) domains resulting in dramatic induction
Background Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of painful vertebral fractures, which is intended to reduce pain and improve quality of life. We assessed the efficacy and safety of the procedure. Methods Adults with one to three acute vertebral fractures were eligible for enrolment in this randomised controlled trial at 21 sites in eight countries. We randomly as
Amylin is a member of the calcitonin family of hormones cosecreted with insulin by pancreatic beta cells. Cell culture assays suggest that amylin could affect bone formation and bone resorption, this latter function after its binding to the calcitonin receptor (CALCR). Here we show that Amylin inactivation leads to a low bone mass due to an increase in bone resorption, whereas bone formation is un
The technique equilibrium sampling through membrane (ESTM) was extended to measuring the free drug concentration in solutions of drug and protein. Bjerrum and Scatchard plots were employed for characterizing individual drug binding to pure human blood proteins. Four drugs were investigated as a model system: fluvoxamine and ropivacaine which dominantly bind to alpha-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and R,
PURPOSE: The nature of the relationship between inflammation and elevated serum lipid levels is incompletely understood. This longitudinal study explores whether elevated levels of inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) are a risk factor for developing increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. METHODS: Five ISPs (fibrinogen, orosomucoid, alpha(1)-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, and cerulopla
Asperger syndrome (AS) is a mild form of autistic disorder characterised by impairment in social interaction as well as a restricted pattern of behaviour, interests, and activities. Two patients with AS and balanced translocations t(13;17) and t(17;19), respectively, were identified. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis with chromosome 17 specific clones to metaphase chromosomes from
INTRODUCTION AND MATERIALS AND METHODS: G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) play an important role in platelet aggregation. To identify new platelet GPCRs, a platelet gene expression profile was generated and validated using quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: In total, mRNA of 28 GPCR genes was detected in human platelets. The 12 most abundant platelet GPCR transcripts were: thrombin receptor PA
Appetite regulation is part of a feedback system that controls the energy balance, involving a complex interplay of hunger and satiety signals, produced in the hypothalamus as well as in peripheral organs. Hunger signals may be generated in peripheral organs (e.g. ghrelin) but most of them are expressed in the hypothalamus (neuropeptide Y, orexins, agouti-related peptide, melanin concentrating hor
