Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen tar sin utgångspunkt i de omfattande ökningarna i övervikt och fetma som har observerats, och blivit ett stort folkhälsoproblem, runtom i världen, och som har kommit att benämnas fetma-epidemi. Det inledande kapitlet motiverar att fetma studeras från ekonomiska perspektiv och ger en bakgrund till de efterföljande kapitlen. Därefter följer fyra fristThis thesis takes its starting point in the large spread and rise in obesity prevalence that have been observed around the world, making obesity an increasing public health concern. The thesis consists of an introductory chapter, which justifies the study of obesity from economic perspectives and puts the subsequent studies in context, and four studies that address obesity from different economic

Amplification of chromosomal region 11q13, containing the cell cycle regulatory gene CCND1, is frequently found in breast cancer and other malignancies. It is associated with the favourable oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast tumour phenotype, but also with poor prognosis and treatment failure. 11q13 spans almost 14 Mb and contains more than 200 genes and is affected by various patterns of cop

By pulse modulating or deflecting a CW dye laser beam, cascade-free lifetime determinations at high spectral resolution can be performed with the decayed-coincidence technique using measuring times of about 1 minute. The method is illustrated by lifetime measurements for the 72P3/21/2 levels of cesium.

Abstract in German Das Messen von Beschleunigungen und Höhen während einer Achterbahnfahrt bietet die Möglichkeit, den Physikunterricht anwendungsbezogen zu gestalten. Dieser Ansatz erlaubt einen erlebnisorientierten Zugang speziell im Bereich der oftmals als langweilig empfundenen Mechanik. Das Beispiel der Achterbahn Kanonen in Göteborg demonstriert die vielen Möglichkeiten der Datenauswertung.

Planar laser induced fluorescence (LIF) has been utilized for two-dimensional imaging in combustion environments. By using tracer LIF the fuel distribution prior to ignition has been monitored in a GDI-engine. The results obtained were used to determine the influence from various engine parameters such as nozzle type, spray angle, duration of injection, start of injection, piston shape, etc. Two f

One of the obstacles that seem to impede a more frequent application of the modelling and simulation approach system dynamics (SD) in the software engineering community is the lack of well-defined and repeatable procedures for generating or using information that (a) stems from real industrial software development practice and (b) is suitable for SD model building. This problem can be resolved, at

Organized human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was introduced in Sweden in 2012. On-demand vaccination was in effect from 2006 to 2011. We followed the HPV prevalences in Southern Sweden from 2008 to 2013.

Lack of expression of dystrophin leads to degeneration of muscle fibers and infiltration of connective and adipose tissue. Cell transplantation therapy has been proposed as a treatment for intractable muscle degenerative disorders. Several reports have demonstrated the ability of bone-marrow derived cells (BMDC) to contribute to non-haematopoietic tissues including epithelium, heart, liver, skelet

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease commonly suffer from breathlessness, deconditioning, and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQL) despite best medical management. Opioids may relieve breathlessness at rest and on exertion in COPD. We aimed to estimate the efficacy and safety of opioids on refractory breathlessness, exercise capacity, and HRQL in COPD.

Aims: Respondent-driven sampling is a research technique, new to the Scandinavian setting, used in hard-to-reach populations, such as subjects at risk for HIV, including drug users. This study aimed to evaluate the use of respondent-driven sampling originating from syringe exchange clients, as a method to identify 'hidden' drug users without treatment or social service contact. Methods: Nine heroi