SummaryThe human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) causes both superficial infections, such as strep throat, and invasive infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis, and is responsible for about half a million deaths each year. The number of GAS infections have increased since the 1980’s, due to the emergence of a M1T1 strain that has become widely disseminated. Increased expression of Streptol

Background: The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is implicated in cancer drug resistance, metastasis, and immunosuppression and has been identified as a promising therapeutic target for new anticancer drugs. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a major role in the suppression of antitumor immunity and STAT3 is involved in the accumulation, ge

The unknown role of the carrier protein transthyretin (TTR) in mechanisms of functional recovery in the postischemic brain prompted us to study its expression following experimental stroke. Male C57/B6 mice (age 9 to 10 weeks) were subjected to permanent focal ischemia induced by photothrombosis (PT) and brain tissues were analyzed for ttr expression and TTR levels at 24 hours, 48 hours, 7 days an

The global anti-doping effort in sport is based upon perceptions of the system as desirable, proper and appropriate and thus considered legitimate. The legitimacy of the anti-doping system has earlier been studied bottom-up, based on the views of athletes. In order to gain greater understanding of legitimation processes, it is also important to study legitimation strategies top-down, used by decis

The causes and extent of regional inequality in the process of economic growth are at the core of historical economic research. So far, much attention has been devoted to studying the role of industrialization in driving regional divergence. However, empirical studies on relatively unequal countries such as Italy and Spain show that inequality was already high at the outset of modern industrializa

This paper revisits the Power Resource Theory (PRT) by testing one of its more influential claims: the relation between the strength of the labor movement and the reduction of industrial conflicts. Using panel data techniques to analyze more than 2,000 strikes in 103 Swedish towns we test whether a shift in the balance of power towards Social Democratic rule was associated with fewer strikes. The

Although morphology-based phylogenetic analyses and molecular data suggested that the cycloneuralians might have emerged in the Ediacaran Period, the oldest known fossil remains of cycloneuralians were first reported from the Cambrian Fortunian Stage of South China, and to date four genera and species as well as nine indeterminate forms have been described. Here, we report the latest discoveries o

In the search for low greenhouse gas propulsion, the dual fuel engine provides a solution to use low carbon fuel at diesel-like high efficiency. Also a lower emission of NOx and particles can be achieved by replacing a substantial part of the diesel fuel by for example natural gas. Limitations can be found in excessively high heat release rate (combustion-knock), and high methane emissions. These

The present work describes the numerical modeling of medium-speed marine engines, operating in a fumigated dual-fuel mode, i.e. with the second fuel injected in the ports. This engine technology allows reducing engine-out emissions while maintaining the engine efficiency and can be fairly easily retrofitted from current diesel engines. The main premixed fuel that is added can be a low-carbon one a

Purpose To study the epidemiology of Dupuytren disease and evaluate treatment outcome of collagenase injections using a modified method.Patients and methods Paper I is a register-based study. From the general population of Skåne region (1.3 million) in southern Sweden, we identified all residents aged ≥20 years who had been diagnosed with Dupuytren disease during a 16-year period and identified tr

The special interest group on sensitive skin of the International Forum for the Study of Itch previously defined sensitive skin as a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations (stinging, burning, pain, pruritus and tingling sensations) in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. This additional paper focuses on the pathophysiology and the management of

”Kunskap ska spela roll och värderas högre än magkänsla och ingrodda idéer” skriver Joar Forsell, ordförande i Liberala ungdomsförbundet, i en debattartikel om svensk narkotikapolitik (DN Debatt 27/3). Tyvärr utgör artikeln ett gott exempel på just det problem Forsell säger sig vilja komma tillrätta med, den är nämligen späckad med faktafel, skriver Björn Johnson och Petter Karlsson.

Situations of multilingualism and language contact in which language varieties are small in scale and relatively equal in social status are important phenomena affecting processes of language change throughout human history. Despite this, our knowledge about the outcomes of multilingualism and language contact in this kind of setting remains limited. The current thesis provides insight into the li

Ovid closed his 15-book epic of transformation with the metamorphosis of the poet into his work and his work into its own reception, summed up in the final word: uiuam (‘I shall live’). The prophecy has been self-fulfilling, in that the Metamorphoses has entertained readers and inspired artists in different media for two millennia since the poet’s death in AD 17. Loved for its vast repository of m

Aims/hypothesis: Rapid and adequate islet revascularisation and restoration of the islet–extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction are significant factors influencing islet survival and function of the transplanted islets in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Because the ECM encapsulating the islets is degraded during islet isolation, understanding the process of revascularisation and engraftment afte

Scholars and practitioners are increasingly promoting so-called nature-based approaches for urban climate change adaptation. There is widespread consensus that they both support and require transdisciplinary approaches, notably by involving citizens in the change process and finding innovative ways to unite different actors’ efforts and capacities. However, there is little empirical evidence regar