This paper presents a new multiphase clock generator using direct interpolators. No feedback loop is required. A single-stage direct interpolation architecture is proposed. A 1/4 frequency divider and a short-circuit current suppression interpolator are developed to achieve the precise interpolation. The circuit was fabricated in a standard 0.35μm, 3.3V CMOS process. The multiphase clock generator

The aim of this thesis is to present a short-term plankton community toxicity test in laboratory microcosms, with which the effect of the test substance on species abundance and composition of the community is evaluated. This laboratory microcosm is an intermediate between single-species tests and outdoor mesocosm tests. The brominated flame retardant HBCDD was chosen as the reoccurring test subst

Introduces theoretical and practical aspects of adaptive control. Starting with a broad overview, the text explores real-time estimation, self-tuning regulators and model-reference adaptive systems, stochastic adaptive control, and automatic tuning of regulators. Additional topics include gain scheduling, robust high-gain control and self-oscillating controllers, and suggestions for implementing a

This paper presents a holistic view of thermal modeling for an electrical machine used in a Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (HEV). This interconnected system model focuses on the thermal assessment of an electrical machine in a HEV application and estimates the time to failure of the machine depending on the construction of the insulation system and the exploitation of the machine. A transient thermal m

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We present a polynomial time method for identifying the maximal set in excess demand at a given payoff vector. This set can be used in "large" partnership formation problems to identify the minimum element in the set of individually rational payoff vectors at which there is no overdemanded set of agents. This minimum element corresponds to the minimum Walrasian equilibrium price vector in a specia

A study highlighting several aspects of resonant spectroscopies where fragmentation processes are investigated is described. We focus primarily on understanding the dynamical processes taking place in core-excited states in molecules. An example where fast dissociation and molecular alignment are discussed is given for the ammonia molecule.

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Contemporary advancements in miniaturization of analytical systems have advantageously fostered development, automation, and hyphenation of a variety of sample preparation techniques. Among several downscaled extraction designs, porous synthetic polymeric membranes (such as flat sheet (FS) or hollow fiber (HF)) have been utilized for membrane-based extraction, separating two aqueous phases (as in

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Popular Abstract in Swedish Röntgen och isotopundersökning vid knäledsartros: en jämförelse med magnetkamera-undersökning Denna avhandling utgör en del av ett större forskningsprojekt om tidig artros (s.k. broskförslitning) i knäleden. Studien omfattar nästan 200 personer med knäsmärta, som när projektet startade 1990 var mellan 35 och 54 år. Vår avsikt är att under minst 10 års tid regelbundet uThe aim was to compare radiography of the tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) and the patellofemoral joint (PFJ), as well as bone scinigraphy with MR imaging in middle-aged individuals with chronic knee pain in the format of a prospective study of knee osteoarthritis. Individuals aged 35-54 years with chronic knee pain were identified. The prevalence of chronic knee pain was 15% (279/2000). Within this grou

The process of globalization encompasses economic and financial integration. The abolition of capital controls and the dismantling of barriers of different kinds will expose previously sheltered companies to shocks on the global economic arena. Policy-makers in already globalized countries have learned that market participants should be prepared in due time to meet the new exposure to fluctuating