In this essay in honour of Christina Moëll, we focus on one particular recent case: the Philip Morris case delivered in May 2016 where the European Court of Justice (ECJ) rules on the validity of the Tobacco Product Directive case.1 It is a key case on the application of the principle of proportionality but not only since it connects this principle with other constitutional principles putting limi

Aim: This study aimed to explain the relationship between visual-motor integration (VMI) abilities and extremely preterm (EPT) birth, by exploring the influence of perinatal variables, cognition, manual dexterity and ophthalmological outcomes. Methods: This was part of the population-based national Extremely Preterm Infant Study in Sweden (EXPRESS) study. We studied 355 children, born at a gestati

When new buildings are constructed the indoor climate for the first period may differ from the one after some years due to various factors, for example may the emissions from the building materials be higher, possibly affecting the air quality, and the balancing of the technical systems; the mechanical supply and exhaust system and heating may not be completely finished. The perceived indoor clima

OBJECTIVES: The support of the pulmonary autograft root by the fibromuscular left ventricular outflow tract is emphasized to address the concern related to the dilatation of the pulmonary autograft structures in the paediatric population. METHODS: This retrospective study analyses the outcomes of 75 children who were operated between 1998 and 2012 with the subannular interrupted sutures technique

Aplastic anemia is a rare life-threatening disease. However, since the introduction of immunosuppressive therapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, the outcome has improved considerably, and the 5-year survival is reported to be 70–80% in selected patient cohorts. Yet, contemporary population-based data on incidence and survival are lacking. We performed a national retrospective study to de

In this study, numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effect of dimple location on the flow structure and heat transfer characteristics in a 90°-turned channel with pin fins. Results of the flow structure, heat transfer on the endwall, and friction factor are included in this study. It is found that the dimple location has an impact on the flow structure and heat transfer both for

Background: In stage I/II natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) had previously been shown to result in superior outcome compared with anthracycline-containing regimens, which have since been considered ineffective. The role of CCRT in comparison with approaches employing nonanthracycline-containing chemotherapy (CT) and sequential radiotherapy (RT) in such patien

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stress on left-to-right shunting in patients with atrial septal defect (ASD) and to investigate if the degree of shunting, cardiac output (CO), and right ventricular (RV) volumes are related to exercise capacity. Methods: Twenty-six patients with a secundum ASD and 16 healthy volunteers were studied with rest/stress cardiac magne

Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) improves prognosis in patients with COPD and chronic severe hypoxemia. The efficacy in moderate hypoxemia (tension of arterial oxygen; on air, 7.4−8.0 kPa) was questioned by a recent large trial. We reviewed the evidence to date (five randomized trials; 1,191 participants, all with COPD). Based on the current evidence, the survival time may be improved in patients w

Different lead misplacements may present with typical ECG changes, which may influence the management of the patient, if not identified and corrected. It is important, both for the ECG technician and for the interpreting physician, to recognize typical patterns of lead misplacement to avoid misinterpretation of the ECG.