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In decapod crustaceans, the largest density and diversity of sensilla, referred to as setae, is in general found on the mouthparts, but little is known about their sensory properties and thereby their functions. Here data are presented from mechanoreceptors from the two largest mouthparts, maxilliped 2 and 3, of the European shore crab Carcinus maenas. The mechanoreceptors were found to respond to
The molybdenum cofactor (Moco)-containing enzymes are divided into three classes that are named after prototypical members of each family, viz. sulfite oxidase, DMSO reductase and xanthine oxidase. Functional or structural models have been prepared for these three prototypical enzymes: (i) The complex [MoO2(mnt)2]2− (mnt2−=1,2-dicyanoethylenedithiolate) has been found to be able to oxidize hydroge
It has been previously suggested that leukotriene-induced Ca2+ signalling is mediated through a Rho-dependent process, but neither direct activation of Rho nor a mechanism underlying such signalling has been reported. Accordingly, we used the Rhotekin binding assay to assess RhoA activation in intestinal epithelial cells and observed that RhoA was activated by leukotriene D4 (LTD4). We also found
The effect of salt on the location and structure of a flexible polyelectrolyte confined inside a viral capsid and the Donnan equilibrium of the salt across the capsid have been examined using a coarse-grained model solved by Monte Carlo simulations. The polyelectrolyte was represented by a linear jointed chain of charged beads, and the capsid was represented by a spherical shell with embedded char
Objectives. Infliximab is an anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mousehuman IgG1/k antibody used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases. Unfortunately, response failure and side-effects due to immunogenicity of the drug are not rare. In this study, we have compared different methods of assessing drug levels and anti-infliximab antibodies (Abs) an
The objective of this paper is to investigate how the velocity and turbulence within different locations close to the spark plug influence the combustion at individual cycles in a SI-engine. 2-D cycle-resolved laser doppler velocimetry (LDV) measurements have been done both inside the spark gap and around the spark tip to extract velocity information. The pressure in the cylinder was measured with
A 12-year-old girl with multifocal skeletal sclerosis has been investigated. She was BCG vaccinated at birth and developed regional lymphadenitis in her left groin at two months of age. She was healthy until approximately 10 years of age, after which deficient height and weight gain occurred. BCG-itis was diagnosed in skeleton lesions. No evidence of immunodeficiency was found in the patient. Afte
A search for isomeric states was performed in the nucleus Nd-140(60)80 using in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy and the Te-126(O-18,4n) reaction. Prompt and delayed gamma-ray coincidences were measured with the AFRODITE spectrometer using the pulsed beam delivered by the Separated Sector Cyclotron of iThemba LABS. One new isomer was identified, with spin-parity I-pi=20(+) and lifetime T-1/2 >= 400 ns,
The conceptual design of the Large Earth-based Solar Telescope (LEST)has evolved through the years. In 1995-97 it was discussed whether atechnology demonstration telescope could be built at a lower cost thanthe LEST originally proposed. In 1997, a de-scoped LEST design, theso-called "Mini-LEST", was conceived and proposed to the LEST community.The telescope has an innovative design with a small fi
Excited states of Ge-65 were populated via the C-12 + Ni-58 (261 MeV) reaction using the NORDBALL detector array equipped with charged-particle and neutron detector systems for reaction channel separation. On the basis of yy-coincidence relations and angular distribution ratios a significantly extended level scheme was constructed up to E-x = 9 MeV and J(pi) = (33/2(-)). The low-energy states of t
A phenomenological model for evolving anisotropy at large strains is presented. The model is formulated using spatial quantities and the anisotropic properties of the material is modeled by including structural variables. Evolution of anisotropy is accounted for by introducing substructural deformation gradients which are linear maps similar to the usual deformation gradient. The evolution of the
