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On the basis of ontogeny and adult morphology, an interpretation of the arrangement of optic neuropiles and fibre connexions of the Crustacean compound eye is presented. In the embryo of phyllopods and decapods, the ommatidia, the lamina ganglionaris, and the medulla externa are developed synchronously from a common medial proliferation zone. As this zone persists in all investigated adult Crustac
The brain, the compound eyes and the ocelli are described for some zygentomid species. Special interest has been focused on Tricholepidion gertschii, a newly discovered, primitive species. The brain morphology shows great similarities in the general shape and in details within the whole suborder. The compound eyes of Tricholepidion gertschii and Lepisma saccharina resemble each other closely. The
The ultrastructure of the specialized nauplius eye of three species of the copepod genusSapphirina was investigated. The gross morphology described earlier (Elofsson, 1966a) was confirmed. The ventral cup is covered by a red pigment and the lateral cups by a red and a black pigment. The ultrastructural configuration of the pigment granules was found to differ in the two kinds of pigment cells. The
The development of the compound eyes and nervous system of the penaeid shrimp,Penaeus duorarum, from the first nauplius to the first postlarva, has been studied. The first anlage of the compound eyes is a pair of optic discs on the front of the animal. These increase in size through cell-division until the second protozoea stage, where the eye-stalks appear with ommatidia and optic neuropiles deve
Whereas the characterization of B lymphoid progenitors has been facilitated by the identification of lineage-and stage-specific surface markers, the continued identification of differentially expressed proteins increases our capacity to explore normal and malignant B cell development. To identify novel surface markers with stage-specific expression patterns, we explored the reactivity of CD19+ B c
In diffusion MRI (dMRI), microscopic diffusion anisotropy can be obscured by orientation dispersion. Separation of these properties is of high importance, since it could allow dMRI to non-invasively probe elongated structures such as neurites (axons and dendrites). However, conventional dMRI, based on single diffusion encoding (SDE), entangles microscopic anisotropy and orientation dispersion with
Under de senaste tjugo åren har offentlig sektor blivit alltmer präglad av New Public Management (NPM). Såväl beskrivningar som konkretiseringar av NPM varierar men två drag återkommer som gemensam nämnare; dels att offentlig sektor har närmat sig den privata i sättet att styra och organisera verksamheten, dels att betoningen har skiftat från ansvar för processer till ansvar för resultat.Med resul
The debate surrounding the challenge of improving coherence in European Union (EU) foreign policy is ongoing. EU Delegations (EUDs), operating under the European External Action Service (EEAS) were recently established to provide a focal point for the EU in third countries, providing potential for improving EU coherence. Using the case study of the EUDs, this article adds to theorizations of EU co
This paper presents a novel approach for the elaboration of an integration strategy for controls and computing systems at large particle accelerator based research facilities. The approach is applied in a specific case study conducted at the world-leading neutron science facility European Spallation Source (ESS). First, an introduction to the term 'integration' in the Systems Engineering literatur
Cancer har kommit att bli en av de största folksjukdomarna i den industrialiserade västvärlden och enbart i Sverige insjuknar över 55 000 personer varje år. Det faktum att var tredje person kommer att drabbas av en cancersjukdom någon gång under sin livstid innebär, förutom ett stort mänskligt lidande, att samhället står inför stora folkhälsopolitiska utmaningar att nå medborgarna med sina hälsofr
Land-use change and intensification threaten bee populations worldwide, imperilling pollination services. Global models are needed to better characterise, project, and mitigate bees' responses to these human impacts. The available data are, however, geographically and taxonomically unrepresentative; most data are from North America and Western Europe, overrepresenting bumblebees and raising concer
Morphogenesis in plants and animals involves large irreversible deformations. In plants, the response of the cell wall material to internal and external forces is determined by its mechanical properties. An appropriate model for plant tissue growth must include key features such as anisotropic and heterogeneous elasticity and cell dependent evaluation of mechanical variables such as turgor pressur
The periodic formation of plant organs such as leaves and flowers gives rise to intricate patterns that have fascinated biologists and mathematicians alike for hundreds of years [1]. The plant hormone auxin plays a central role in establishing these patterns by promoting organ formation at sites where it accumulates due to its polar, cell-to-cell transport [2-6]. Although experimental evidence as
Plant cells have two main modes of growth generating anisotropic structures. Diffuse growth where whole cell walls extend in specific directions, guided by anisotropically positioned cellulose fibers, and tip growth, with inhomogeneous addition of new cell wall material at the tip of the structure. Cells are known to regulate these processes via molecular signals and the cytoskeleton. Mechanical s
