Biotechnology offers extensive possibilities to incorporate new traits into organisms. Genetically modified (GM) traits relevant for agro-ecosystems include traits such as pest resistance and herbicide tolerance in crop plants, increased growth rate in fish and livestock, and enhanced nitrogen-fixation capabilities of soil microbes. In this review, we evaluated the direct and indirect trait-specif

Background: The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of left ventricular systolic (LVSD) and diastolic (LVDD) dysfunction, and to test if BNP and urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) are related to LVSD, LVD and left ventricular mass (LVM) in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Presence of LVSD, LVDD and LVM, determined with echocardiography, was related to levels of BNP

Abstract in Undetermined Background: Measured or modeled levels of outdoor air pollution are being used as proxies for individual exposure in a growing number of epidemiological studies. We studied the accuracy of such approaches, in comparison with measured individual levels, and also combined modeled levels for each subject's workplace with the levels at their residence to investigate the influe

DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides is modified in tumorigenesis with potential impact on transcriptional activity.

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by the inability of the organism to autonomously regulate the blood glucose levels. It requires continuing medical care to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Inadequate glucose control is associated with damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs. The management of the disease is non trivial

In this work three in vitro methods for the measurement of mucoadhesion have been compared: ellipsometry, tensile strength and rheology. The conditions used for the three methods have been as similar as possible. Six different polymers were investigated: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), chitosan, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and two cross-linked polyacrylic acids,

Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been proposed to play a detrimental role in stroke. We recently showed that MIF promotes neuronal death and aggravates neurological deficits during the first week after experimental stroke, in mice. Since MIF regulates tissue inflammation, we studied the putative role of MIF in post-stroke inflammation. Methods: We subjected C57BL/6 mice

Popular Abstract in Swedish Att bär är nyttigt är ett påstående som de flesta känner igen. På butikshyllorna trängs våra nordiska bär med exotiska ”superbär” som utlovar att göra oss friska. Men vilka hälsoeffekter kan egentligen uppnås genom att äta bär? Är vissa bär mer nyttiga än andra? Forskningsresultaten som presenteras i denna avhandling visar att lingon, svarta vinbär och blåbär kan motverThe increasing prevalence of obesity is a worldwide health problem closely linked to diet and lifestyle factors. Obesity is associated with increased risk of several metabolic disorders including insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. Hence, there is a great need to identify dietary strategies for the prevention of obesity and related diseases. This thesis invest

Sugarcane bagasse was subjected to steam pretreatment impregnated with hydrogen peroxide. Analyses were performed using 2(3) factorial designs and enzymatic hydrolysis was performed at two different solid concentrations and with washed and unwashed material to evaluate the importance of this step for obtaining high cellulose conversion. Similar cellulose conversion were obtained at different condi

A majority of the machining processes in the industry of today is performed using position-controlled machine tools, where conservative feed rates have to be used in order to avoid excessive process forces. By instead controlling the process forces, the feed rate, and consequently the material removal rate, can be maximized. In turn, this leads to decreased cycle times and cost savings. Furthermor

Mineralkvävegödsel är en av förutsättningarna för de höga skördenivåer som uppnåtts i det industrialiserade, moderna jordbruket. I Sverige finns idag ingen inhemsk produktion av mineralkvävegödsel, utan hela efterfrågan tillgodoses med import från utlandet. Produktionen är idag baserad på fossila resurser, vilka används både som råvara för produktionen och som energi för att driva processerna. Vi Mineral nitrogen fertilizer is one of the main reasons for the high yields in modern, industrial agriculture. There is currently no production of mineral nitrogen fertilizer in Sweden – the entire demand is met by imports from abroad. Global production is at present based on fossil resources, which are used both as raw materials for the production and as energy to fuel the process. We are thus dep

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hårfrisörer utsätts dagligen för en mängd kemikalier på arbetet. Många frisörer drabbas därför av luftvägsbesvär vilka ofta kan kopplas till hårblekningsmedel. Blekningsmedlen innehåller bland annat så kallade persulfater. Dessa tros vara en av huvudorsakerna till luftvägsbesvären. Flera studier har visat att persulfater kan ge symptom från luftvägarna såsom hösnuva ellHairdressers have an increased risk for developing airway symptoms e.g. asthma and rhinitis. Persulfate salts, which are oxidizing agents present in bleaching powder, are considered to be important causal agents for these symptoms. The underlying mechanisms are unclear and efficient tools for risk assessment and diagnosis are scarce. The general aim of this thesis was to measure proteomic changes,

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To describe the study design of a randomised controlled trial with the aim of comparing two different regimes for children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes; hospital-based care and hospital-based home care. BACKGROUND: Procedures for hospital admission and sojourn in connection with diagnose vary greatly worldwide and the existing evidence is insufficient to allow for any c

Colonization of new habitats through dispersal of phytoplankton cysts might be limited, if resident populations outcompete invaders during germination. We reciprocally transferred Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyceae) cysts from three lakes into native and foreign waters originating from the respective habitats. Germination rate and germling growth were impacted by water origin, but there was no pref