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Vitamin D triggers hCAP18/LL-37 production : Implications for LL-37-induced human osteoblast cytotoxicity

The human cathelicidin LL-37 shows activity against microorganisms, but it is also cytotoxic to host cells. The CAMP gene codes for the LL-37 precursor hCAP18 which is processed extracellularly to active LL-37. It has previously been shown that vitamin D stimulates CAMP gene activity, but less information is available demonstrating that vitamin D also can increase hCAP18/LL-37 protein production.

Size and orientation of polar nanoregions characterized by PDF analysis and using a statistical model in a Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3-PbTiO3 ferroelectric re-entrant relaxor

Revealing the local structure information of relaxor ferroelectrics is necessary for a clear understanding of their structure-property relationships, especially the determination of the size of polar nanoregions (PNRs), which is still a long-standing challenge. In this work, the local structure of the pseudo-cubic solid solutions 0.60Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3-0.40PbTiO3 and 0.65Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3-0.35PbTiO3,

C-H Bond Oxidation by MnIV-Oxo Complexes : Hydrogen-Atom Tunneling and Multistate Reactivity

The reactivity of six MnIV-oxo complexes in C-H bond oxidation has been examined using a combination of kinetic experiments and computational methods. Variable-temperature studies of the oxidation of 9,10-dihydroanthracene (DHA) and ethylbenzene by these MnIV-oxo complexes yielded activation parameters suitable for evaluating electronic structure computations. Complementary kinetic experiments of

Navigating Language and Terminology in Automatic Control Literature

Much of our understanding of automatic control relies on descriptions and words. While rooted in mathematical theory, control is generally explained using examples and abstraction. Different terminology is used in different textbooks which can lead to inadvertent miscommunication. Here, the terminology introduced in the most frequently used textbooks is collated. The paper addresses lecturers, stu

Collective wavefunction of Yrast states in 50Cr

In the generator coordinate method the wavefunctions are defined with respect to reference states that can indicate different shapes and deformations, which are examples of collective generator coordinates. In this work, we study the collective wavefunctions of Yrast states up to the terminating state of 50Cr using a recently introduced framework to calculate projected states of spins up to I = 14

Factors affecting the long-term prognosis of patients in the AYA generation with epithelial ovarian cancer : A multicenter propensity score matching analysis

Objective: Ovarian carcinoma (OvCa) is more common in the elderly, but also affects the adolescent and young adult (AYA) generation, which refers to those aged 15–39 years. Although the characteristics of OvCa may differ between AYAs and non-AYAs, limited information is currently available on differences in prognostic factors. Therefore, we herein investigated prognostic factors for and the progno

Maximal subgroups of a family of iterated monodromy groups

The Basilica group is a well-known 2-generated weakly branch, but not branch, group acting on the binary rooted tree. Recently, a more general form of the Basilica group has been investigated by Petschick and Rajeev, which is an s-generated weakly branch, but not branch, group that acts on the m-adic tree, for s,m ≥ 2. A larger family of groups, which contains these generalised Basilica groups, is

Do Political Institutions Influence the Dismantling of Fossil Fuel Subsidies? Lessons from the OECD Countries and a Comparative Analysis of Canadian and German Production Subsidies

Despite a global consensus that fossil fuel subsidies should be reformed, limited progress has been made. The study assesses whether domestic political institutions insulating politicians from backlash and compensating those affected by reforms make subsidies easier to dismantle. It was found that proportional representation and corporatism were correlated with lower levels of fossil fuel subsidie

A time course analysis through diapause reveals dynamic temporal patterns of microRNAs associated with endocrine regulation in the butterfly Pieris napi

Organisms inhabiting highly seasonal environments must cope with a wide range of environmentally induced challenges. Many seasonal challenges require extensive physiological modification to survive. In winter, to survive extreme cold and limited resources, insects commonly enter diapause, which is an endogenously derived dormant state associated with minimized cellular processes and low energetic

How do taxi drivers expose to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in a Chinese megacity : a rapid assessment incorporating with satellite-derived information and urban mobility data

Background: Taxi drivers in a Chinese megacity are frequently exposed to traffic-related particulate matter (PM2.5) due to their job nature, busy road traffic, and urban density. A robust method to quantify dynamic population exposure to PM2.5 among taxi drivers is important for occupational risk prevention, however, it is limited by data availability. Methods: This study proposed a rapid assessme

Comorbidities in women with polycystic ovary syndrome : a sibling study

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has previously been associated with several comorbidities that may have shared genetic, epigenetic, developmental or environmental origins. PCOS may be influenced by prenatal androgen excess, poor intrauterine or childhood environmental factors, childhood obesity and learned health risk behaviors. We analyzed the association between PCOS and several rel

Analysis of plasma metabolomes from 11 309 subjects in five population-based cohorts

Plasma metabolomics holds potential for precision medicine, but limited information is available to compare the performance of such methods across multiple cohorts. We compared plasma metabolite profiles after an overnight fast in 11,309 participants of five population-based Swedish cohorts (50–80 years, 52% women). Metabolite profiles were uniformly generated at a core laboratory (Metabolon Inc.)

ACCELERATED FORWARD-BACKWARD OPTIMIZATION USING DEEP LEARNING

We propose several deep-learning accelerated optimization solvers with convergence guarantees. We use ideas from the analysis of accelerated forward-backward schemes like FISTA, but instead of the classical approach of proving convergence for a choice of parameters, such as a step-size, we show convergence whenever the update is chosen in a specific set. Rather than picking a point in this set usi

Coping with darkness : Residents' experience of reduced outdoor lighting in neighbourhoods

Despite ongoing replacement of old lighting installations with new energy-efficient light emitting diodes, the energy crisis has led to the implementation of strategies for reducing energy use for public outdoor lighting in neighbourhood environments. This would save money and reduce light pollution; however, the situations should be evaluated from the residents' perspective. This paper presents a

Towards prevention of self-objectification in young female athletes on social media : instagram posting patterns of female elite athletes in aesthetic and non-aesthetic individual sports

Background Elite athletes are role models for young sportspersons regarding social media use. Self-objectification, including self-sexualizing, contributes to body dissatisfaction and body shame, especially in young females. For efficient prevention of self-objectification, knowledge is needed about elite athletes’ self-presentation on social media.Objective To compare social media postings indica

Prevalence of childhood cancer survivors in Europe : a scoping review

Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) require specialized follow-up throughout their lifespan to prevent or manage late effects of cancer treatment. Knowing the size and structure of the population of CCS is crucial to plan interventions. In this scoping review we reviewed studies that reported prevalence of CCS in Europe. We searched Medline, Web of Science, and Embase using permutations of terms refe

Management of groin hernia repair in Sweden : A register-based comparative analysis of public and private healthcare providers

Background: Swedish healthcare is in a period of transition with an expanding private sector. This study compares quality of outcome after groin hernia repair performed in a public or private healthcare setting. Methods: A cohort study based on data from the Swedish National Hernia Register combined with Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) 1 year after groin hernia repair. Between September

Exploring childhood immunization among undocumented migrants in Sweden - following qualitative study and the World Health Organizations Guide to Tailoring Immunization Programmes (TIP)

ObjectivesNational vaccination coverage in Sweden is high. Recurrent outbreaks of measles and rubella however highlight some immunity gaps in the population. Current knowledge about immunization status of undocumented migrant children is scant. The World Health Organization/Europe has developed the Guide to Tailoring Immunization Programmes (TIP) to assist countries in diagnosing barriers and moti