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OBJECTIVE: To compare costs of transurethral prostatic resection (TURP) and transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a randomized, controlled trial. METHODS: In 70 BPH patients all costs were calculated for management, including complications and repeat treatment, during TURP or TUMT and 24-month follow-up. Clinical outcome was judged from

Addressing unsustainable consumption patterns is an important target for fulfilling the goals set in, among others, Agenda 21 and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Gender differences in consumption patterns and their environmental impact have so far been poorly investigated. Gender differences in travelling patterns in Sweden are explored using data from the National Trav

Abstract in Spanish Inger Enkvist, catedrática de español de la Universidad de Lund, Suecia, trabajó durante tres años en un proyecto de investigación junto con Ángel Sahuquillo, de la Universidad de Sodertorn, también en Suecia, en un proyecto titulado ”Identidad e ideología en la literatura hispánica: un estudio basado en la obra de Juan Goytisolo”. El presente artículo demuestra que el resultad“Ethics and aesthetics in literary research” summaries the main findings in a three-year project on the work of the controversial Spanish writer Juan Goytisolo. The most astonishing result was the realization about the temptations and limitations of literary research: many researchers do not have sufficient knowledge about Goytisolo’s work to be able to formulate a stand; others do not want to cri

Different suggestions for the mechanism governing the narrow stability of the L(3) (sponge) phase have led to a series of debates in recent years. There have been several models developed to describe such a mechanism via thermodynamics. To date, experimental data are insufficient to test present theories. In this study, we revisit the sponge phase with two series of thermodynamic data performed on

Popular Abstract in Swedish Delaktighet i biståndsbedömning av äldre personer inför kommunalt bistånd. Äldre personers, familjemedlemmars och biståndsbedömares upplevelser. Den äldre generationen förväntas snabbt öka i Sverige och i övriga Europa under de kommande årtiondena. De äldres vårdbehov kommer att öka och därmed förväntas svårigheter att ombesörja tillräcklig kommunal vård och omsorg. ÅlAim: The overall aim of this thesis was to illuminate older persons' experience of becoming in need of public home help and their family members' experience of this situation. Further, the aim was to illuminate experiences of participation in the needs assessment process of older people and influence on decisions about public home help from the perspective of older needs-assessed persons, their fa

We consider all two times iterated Ito integrals obtained by pairing m independent standard Brownian motions. First we calculate the conditional joint characteristic function of these integrals, given the Brownian increments over the integration interval, and show that it has a form entirely similar to what is obtained in the univariate case. Then we propose an algorithm for the simultaneous simul

Rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) has since the beginning of the 1980s been developed as a non-intrusive tool for temperature measurements in combustion. Since the introduction of the dual-broadband concept in 1986, the quality of the technique has been much improved, and application to practical combustion situations facilitated. Since the first demonstration of its use in

Hur naturgas bildas är ännu ej definitivt klarlagt. Den etablerade och allmänt accepterade uppfattningen är att de största gasfyndigheterna bildades under samma tidsperiod och på ungefär samma sätt som oljan – d.v.s. genom förkolning av djur- och växtorganismer för 300-400 miljoner år sedan. Det finns dock naturgas som inte är äldre än 100-150 miljoner år, t.ex. den danska Nordsjögasen. Under sena

Glass with low-a coatings based on SnO2 (usually referred to as hard coatings) provides a cost-effective replacement of one of the panes in ordinary double-pane windows. It considerably improves the energy efficiency of the window and at the same time preserves the appearance of,old hand-crafted windows. Adding a low refractive index anti-reflective (AR) coating on both sides of the low-a coated p

Software inspections are an efficient method to detect faults in software artefacts. In order to estimate the fault content remaining after inspections, a method called capture-recapture has been introduced. Most research published in fault content estimations for software inspections has focused upon point estimations. However, confidence intervals provide more information of the estimation resul

The hummingbird hawkmoth, Macroglossum stellatarum, learns colour fast and reliably. It has earlier been shown to spontaneously feed from odourless artificial flowers. Now, we have studied odour learning. The moths were trained to discriminate feeders of the same colour but marked with different odours. They did not learn to discriminate two natural flower odours when they were presented with the

Breeding activities and molt are generally thought to be mutually exclusive in birds since both are energetically costly and are normally separated in time. However, sometimes molt overlaps with breeding to some degree. A trade-off between adult somatic maintenance functions (feather renewal) and parental care is then to be expected. The consequences of this are largely unknown, and there are few

Popular Abstract in Swedish "Dom säjer de - do - dopey Swedes - but I tell you that - dom e inte så dopia" Avhandlingen beskriver språket som talas av den sista generationen svenska utvandrare till Nordamerika. Inflytandet från engelskan gör sig gällande på olika sätt, t.ex. som codeswitching, där ord eller fraser från engelskan används oförändrade ("dopey Swedes", "but I tell you that"), eller This thesis concerns two languages in contact: English and Swedish. It is based on interviews with Swedes who came to North America with the last major wave of emigration. The bilingual phenomena that appear in their speech, ranging from codeswitching to morphological, structural and semantic transfer, are considered as forming a continuum of language alternation. The study explores the opposing

IKAROS is an infrastructure that will allow large-scale cognitive systems to be built by assimilating and combining results, methods and models from different research groups.

Small leucine-rich proteoglycans play important roles in the organization of the extracellular matrix as well as for the regulation of cell behavior; two biological processes that are essential for angiogenesis. We investigated consequences of the targeted ablation of decorin (DCN), biglycan (BGN) and fibromodulin (FMOD) genes on inflammation-induced angiogenesis in the cornea. In wildtype mice, D