Innate host defense mechanisms at epithelial surfaces are important to prevent bacterial invasion. Streptococcus pyogenes, group A streptococcus (GAS), has an affinity for epithelial cells and cause pharyngitis. During streptococcal pharyngitis, high concentrations of the chemokines CXCL9/MIG, CXCL10/IP-10, CXCL11/I-TAC were found in tonsil fluid. Similarly, these chemokines were produced by activ

Background: The diversity of the Swedish population has increased substantially over the past three decades. The aim of this study was to assess whether living in an ethnic enclave is associated with risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) among first and second-generation immigrants and native Swedes. Methods: Cumulative incidence of DM in three urban municipalities was assessed from 2006-2010 by linking

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hjärtinfarkt och dess komplikationer är den främsta orsaken till död i västvärlden. Vid en akut hjärtinfarkt stängs blodförsörjningen till en del av hjärtat av pga en blodpropp i ett av hjärtats kranskärl. Den delen av hjärtat som försörjdes av det nu stängda kranskärlet drabbas då av brist på syre och näringsämnen och riskerar att skadas. Skadans storlek på hjärtat berINTRODUCTION: Reperfusion therapy in patients with an ongoing ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is to re-establish coronary flow in the epicardial arteries as soon as possible in order to reduce infarct size and associated complications. Hypothermia has in experimental studies been shown to reduce infarct size. Clinical trials, however, have not been able to show this effect, possibly bec

The reliability and validity of the self-report questionnaire How I Think (HIT), designed to assess self-serving cognitive distortions related to antisocial behavior, was tested among Swedish offender and nonoffender adults and adolescents (N = 364). The results showed self-serving distortions to be more common among offenders and to predict self-reported antisocial behavior when tested among adul

Background The prognosis in adults with congenital aortic valve disease is usually favourable; nevertheless, a number of medical and social factors might hamper long-term prognosis and quality of life. With a focus on physical exercise level, data from the Swedish National Registry on Congenital Heart Disease (SWEDCON) were analysed and variables associated with health-related quality of life in a

We investigate the prognostic significance of the pro-angiogenic cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and S-phase fraction (SPF) for distant disease free survival (DDFS) in 219 premenopausal patients with node-negative breast cancer (NNBC). In univariate analysis significantly shorter DDFS was obs

Wnt5a is a non-canonical secreted glycoprotein of the Wnt family that plays important roles in organ development and tissue orientation. Previous studies have reported that Wnt5a was upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in prostate cancer, but information regarding its role in predicting clinical outcome in patients after radical prostatectomy is limited. The aim of the present thesis is to

The aim of the present study was to examine the body burden of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) in blood among Swedish adults and the association between blood levels, diet and other lifestyle factors. The study was based on a subgroup (n = 273) of the national survey Riksmaten 2010-2011 (4-day food records and questionnaire). Lead, Hg, and Cd were measured in whole blood, and Cd addition

From a control design point of view, modern diesel engines are dynamic, nonlinear, MIMO systems. This paper presents a method to find low-complexity black-box dynamic models suitable for model predictive control (MPC) of NOx and soot emissions based on on-line emissions measurements. A four-input-five-output representation of the engine is considered, with fuel injection timing, fuel injection dur

Laplace motion is a Levy process built upon Laplace distributions. Non Gaussian stochastic fields that are integrals with respect to this process are considered and methods for their model fitting are discussed. The proposed procedures allow for inference about the parameters of the underlying Laplace distributions. A fit of dependence structure is also addressed. The importance of a convenient pa

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility and autonomic neuropathy are common problems among diabetics with largely unknown aetiology. Many peptides are involved in the autonomic nervous system regulating the GI tract. The aim of this study was to examine if concentrations of oxytocin, cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin and vasopressin in plasma differ between diabetics with normal function and dy

Permanent deformation is a serious distress mechanism in asphalt pavements. Modelling is a tool for performance prediction and deterioration assessment. This study evaluated the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (M-E PDG) model for permanent deformation in asphalt concrete by employing the v1.003 software at level 1 and 3 on two Swedish motorway sections. Dynamic modulus data was obtaine

This paper considers the choice of initial batch quantities when demand forecasts are improving. We assume that the standard deviation of the demand per period is decreasing exponentially and approaching a long-run value. A discrete time stochastic single-level inventory model is considered. There are traditional holding and backorder costs as well as an ordering cost. The ordering periods must be

The radioactive isotope Sn-107 was studied using Coulomb excitation at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. This is the lightest odd-Sn nucleus examined using this technique. The reduced transition probability of the lowest-lying 3/2(+) state was measured and is compared to shell-model predictions based on several sets of single-neutron energies relative to Sn-100. Similar to the transition probabilit

Abstract in UndeterminedStrong resilience properties of dynamical networks are analyzed for distributed routing policies. The latter are characterized by the property that the way the outflow at a non-destination node gets split among its outgoing links is allowed to depend only on local information about the current particle densities on the outgoing links. The strong resilience of the network is