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System-level brain modeling is a powerful method for building computational models of the brain and allows biologically motivated models to produce measurable behavior that can be tested against empirical data. System-level brain models occupy an intermediate position between detailed neuronal circuit models and abstract cognitive models. They are distinguished by their structural and functional r

Insect pest control, which is essential for food and crop production, typically relies on chemical insecticides. At Yngvi Bio, we repurpose bacterial contractile injection systems as biodegradable insecticides, offering ecological safety, target specificity and a scalable path to market.

Resin adsorption is an effective technology for the fermentable sugar slurry detoxification in lignocellulosic biorefinery, but with the great limitation of the loss of resin capacity from inhibitor contamination and the extensive use of acid and base solutions for their regeneration. In this study, we developed a green and practical method with ultrasound assisting the depletion of poisoned resin

Caenorhabditis nematodes, particularly the well-known Caenorhabditis elegans, have challenged early views of them as hard-wired by demonstrating diverse learning and memory capabilities. This cognitive repertoire, developed with just several hundred neurons, highlights the evolutionary importance of cognitive traits. In this study, we examine the relationship between learning, development, reprodu

Background: In the PROSPECT-II study, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was used to characterize atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. NIRS-derived lipid core burden index (LCBI) and IVUS-derived plaque burden (PB) were able to identify plaques strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular events. Aim: Our aim was to identify biomarkers associated

The macroscopic response governed by a statistical volume element, generated from 3D X-ray computer tomography images of paperboard, is explored. The statistical volume element, which consists of fibres and void, is derived from X-ray computer tomography images. Two filters for computing intensity fields and intensity gradients have been implemented and compared. Using an intensity threshold, the

The endothelial glycocalyx, a glycan-rich layer on the luminal surface of endothelial cells lining blood and lymphatic vessels, plays a crucial role in vascular homeostasis by regulating vascular permeability, immune cell trafficking, and vascular tone. Dysregulated endothelial glycocalyx turnover—whether through altered synthesis, intracellular degradation, or shedding—contributes to endothelial

Background: A pilot study investigating proteomic profiles from 78 patients from the Target Temperature Management after Out-of-hospital Cardiac arrest (TTM) trial revealed 35 proteins associated to functional outcome, and six proteins associated to targeted temperature management at 33 °C. We present the protocol for a study investigating proteomic profiles in the full cohort of the TTM-trial bio

We study the geometric significance of Leinster’s magnitude invariant. For closed manifolds we find a precise relation with Brylinski’s beta function and therefore with classical invariants of knots and submanifolds. In the special case of compact homogeneous spaces we obtain an elementary proof that the residues of the beta function contain the same geometric information as the asymptotic expansi

Let G be a group. Then S⊆G is an invariable generating set of G if every subset S′ obtained from S by replacing each element with a conjugate is also a generating set of G. We investigate invariable generation among key examples of branch groups. In particular, we prove that all generating sets of the torsion Grigorchuk groups, of the branch Grigorchuk-Gupta-Sidki groups and of the torsion multi-E

Background: The mitral valve is essential for proper heart function. Patient-specific simulations may provide insights into valve function and provide hemodynamic information for treatment planning. This study presents a framework for patient-specific mitral valve hemodynamic prediction and the validation of the simulation model against echocardiographic and MRI data. Methods: Ten healthy voluntee

Nitrogen removal from wastewater with anammox saves energy and resources. Partial denitrification-anammox (PDA) is a promising process alternative for municipal wastewater treatment, given that the understanding about how to control the microbiome and its activity reach sufficient level. Here, two moving bed biofilm reactors were fed with either acetate or propionate to study the role of organic c

This article develops an argument that in hybrid regimes, different levels of party competition incentivize incumbents to subvert the police in distinct ways, resulting in more corrupt or more repressive policing practices. In competing-pyramid hybrid regimes, such as Ukraine (2013–2019), elites have stronger incentives to preserve police corruption as a tool for immediate resource extraction amid

The formation of platoons, where groups of vehicles follow each other at close distances, has the potential to increase road capacity. In this paper, a decentralized control approach is presented that extends the well-known constant headway vehicle following approach to the two-dimensional case, i.e., lateral control is included in addition to the longitudinal control. The presented control scheme

Segmental gain of chromosome 17q is the most common genetic aberration in high-risk neuroblastoma, but its role in disease progression is poorly understood. This study aims to address the contribution of 17q gain to neuroblastoma malignancy. We analyzed the genetic and transcriptional landscape of 417 neuroblastoma patients across various risk groups and clinical stages using multi-omic approaches

OBJECTIVES: To investigate hip dysplasia as a risk factor for clinically relevant and incident radiographic hip OA.METHODS: From a prospective cohort (CHECK) of 1002 middle-aged, new consulters for hip and/or knee pain, 468 hips (251 individuals) were selected based on hip pain, available lateral center edge angle (LCEA) and absence of definite radiographic hip OA (Kellgren and Lawrence [KL] grade

The relationship between degree of coronary artery stenosis and its effect on myocardial perfusion is complex and constitutes a clinical challenge. The aim of this study was to assess diagnostic accuracy of visual assessment of invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for detecting reduced myocardial perfusion determined by quantitative first-pass perfusion (qFPP) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in pa

In this work we investigate the development of functionally graded cemented carbides, featuring macro gradients on the millimeter scale, where Fe, or Ni is the binder phase. Two composites, WC-Ni and WC-Fe with 20 % binder by volume were produced by addition of TiC on the surface of the samples before sintering at 1475 °C for 1 h. The sintered samples were analyzed using electron microscopy and mi

Many women are occupationally active during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between exposure to chemicals during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes or preeclampsia. The cohort included singleton births in Sweden between 1994 and 2014. The cohort was limited to low-educated mothers to reduce potential confounding from unidentified life-style associated f

Despite the importance of mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) in long-term soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) persistence, and the significant contribution of fungal necromass to this pool, the factors controlling the formation of fungal-derived MAOM remain unclear. This study investigated how fungal necromass chemistry, specifically melanin, interacts with soil mineral properties and microbial