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Deficiency of oncoretrovirally transduced hematopoietic stem cells and correction through ex vivo expansion.

Background Extensive efforts to develop hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) based gene therapy have been hampered by low gene marking. Major emphasis has so far been directed at improving gene transfer efficiency, but low gene marking in transplanted recipients might equally well reflect compromised repopulating activity of transduced cells, competing for reconstitution with endogenous and unmanipulated

Screening a combinatorial peptide library to develop a human glandular kallikrein 2-activated prodrug as targeted therapy for prostate cancer

OBJECTIVE: Prostate cancer cells secrete the unique protease human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) that represents a target for proteolytic activation of cytotoxic prodrugs. The objective of this study was to identify hK2-selective peptide substrates that could be coupled to a cytotoxic analogue of thapsigargin, a potent inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump that ind

Structure of polymer-stabilized magnetic fluids: Small-angle neutron scattering and mean-field lattice modeling

Small-angle neutron scattering and mean-field lattice modeling were used to characterize a class of water-based magnetic fluids tailored specifically to extract soluble organic compounds from water. The fluids consist of a suspension of similar to7 nm magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles coated with a bifunctional polymer layer comprised of an outer hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) region for col

Pulmonary interstitial pressure in intact in situ lung: transition to interstitial edema

In anesthetized rabbits (n = 25) subject to slow intravenous saline loading (0.4 ml.min-1.kg-1) for 3 h, we measured pulmonary interstitial pressure (Pip) in intact in situ lungs with glass micropipettes inserted directly into the lung parenchyma via a "pleural window." Measurements were done in apneic animals at the end-expiratory volume with O2 delivered in the trachea. Pip was -10 +/- 1.5 (SD)

Islet function phenotype in gastrin-releasing Peptide receptor gene-deficient mice.

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is an islet neuropeptide that stimulates insulin secretion. To explore whether islet GRP contributes to neurally mediated insulin secretion, we studied GRP receptor (GRPR)-deleted mice. By using RT-PCR we showed that GRPR mRNA is expressed in islets of wild-type mice, but is lost in GRPR-deleted mice. Functional studies revealed that GRP potentiates glucose-stimulat

Oxford meniscal bearing knee versus the Marmor knee in unicompartmental arthroplasty for arthrosis. A Swedish multicenter survival study

In the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Study, all 699 Oxford meniscal bearing cemented unicompartmental prostheses (Biomet, Bridgend, UK) were identified and analyzed regarding failure pattern and compared with all Marmor prostheses (Smith & Nephew Richards, Orthez, France) and with a time-, age-, and sex-matched subset of Marmor prostheses using survival statistics expressed as cumulative revision

Mother's Genome or Maternally-Inherited Genes Acting in the Fetus Influence Gestational Age in Familial Preterm Birth

Objective: While multiple lines of evidence suggest the importance of genetic contributors to risk of preterm birth, the nature of the genetic component has not been identified. We perform segregation analyses to identify the best fitting genetic model for gestational age, a quantitative proxy for preterm birth. Methods: Because either mother or infant can be considered the proband from a preterm

Thermo gravimetric study of calcination of dolomite at pressurised conditions

Calcination and carbonation behaviour of dolomite has been studied in a pressurised thermo balance at pressures in the range of 1.1 to 2.3 MPa and for temperatures ranging from 730 to 840 degrees C. The atmosphere consisted of nitrogen containing up to 20 vol.-% carbon dioxide. The calcination of dolomite has been studied as a function of temperature, particle size, and P-CO2. An investigation con

Polarization spectroscopy applied to the detection of trace constituents in sooting combustion

The potential of polarization spectroscopy for the detection of trace constituents in sooting combustion was investigated. It was demonstrated that the directionality of the polarization spectroscopy signal can be exploited to efficiently suppress incoherent interferences, e.g., Rayleigh scattering at soot particles. We also show how polarization spectroscopy compares with laser-induced fluorescen

Significance of hyphal diameter in calculation of fungal bio-volume

Three ways to calculate average hyphal cross section in agarfilm slides were compared in a field study including 5 soil horizons sampled 4 times. The method of calculation strongly affected the estimated value for soil fungal biovolume. Biovolume estimated with the different methods varied by more than 30%. Great differences in average cross section were found between the soil horizons, stressing

Copper-dependent autocleavage of glypican-1heparan sulfate by nitric oxide derived fromintrinsic nitrosothiols.

Cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans facilitate uptake of growth-promoting polyamines [ [Belting, M., Borsig, L., Fuster, M.M., Brown, J.R., Persson, L., Fransson,L.-. and Esko, J.D. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 99, 371-376] ]. Increased polyamine uptake correlates with an increased number of positively charged N-unsubstituted glucosamine units in the otherwise polyanionic heparan s

Genetic differentiation and hybridization between greater and lesser spotted eagles (Accipitriformes : Aquila clanga, A-pomarina)

Greater and lesser spotted eagles (Aquila clanga, A. pomarina) are two closely related forest eagles overlapping in breeding range in east-central Europe. In recent years a number of mixed pairs have been observed, some of which fledged hybrid young. Here we use mitochondrial (control region) DNA sequences and AFLP markers to estimate genetic differentiation and possible gene flow between these sp

Oligomerization of amyloid A beta(16-22) peptides using hydrogen bonds and hydrophobicity forces

The 16 - 22 amino-acid fragment of the beta-amyloid peptide associated with the Alzheimer's disease, Abeta, is capable of forming amyloid fibrils. Here we study the aggregation mechanism of Abeta(16-22) peptides by unbiased thermodynamic simulations at the atomic level for systems of one, three, and six Abeta(16-22) peptides. We find that the isolated Abeta(16-22) peptide is mainly a random coil i

A 59-kd renal antigen as a new target for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies are the hallmark of anti-GBM disease, which is characterized by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. We describe the case of a 58-year-old woman who presented with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with typical anti-GBM staining found by means of direct immunofluorescence microscopy, associated with linear immunoglobin G deposits on t