The Impact of Social Exclusion and Intrastate Conflict on Economic Development: A case study of the Hmong in Lao PDR
Abstract: Since the ending of the Vietnam War, the Hmong in Laos have been hiding in the northern mountainous areas, fearing retribution from the People’s Revolutionary Party, whom they opposed. These areas are still currently restricted from outside contact. In 2009, Hmong refugees were repatriated from Thailand despite their unwillingness to return to Laos, fearing safety issues with the Lao Gov