The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Iceland has not been described so far. Detailed analyses of the dynamics of HIV-1 can give insights for prevention of virus spread. The objective of the current study was to characterize the genetic diversity and transmission dynamics of HIV-1 in Iceland. Partial HIV-1 pol (1020bp) sequences were generated from 230 Icelandic samples, representing 77% of all H

Since sustainable consumption (SC) research focuses primarily on consumer purchasing behaviors, there is a gap regarding how firms attempt to shape sustainable consumption in practice. Utilizing nine case studies, this gap is addressed by exploring the use of value propositions entailing product–service systems among Swedish fashion firms. The value propositions in use by the firms suggest that su

Cell stressors, such as elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), adversely affect hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) reconstituting ability. However, the effects of ROS have not been evaluated in the context of hematopoietic development from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Using our previously described in vitro system for efficient derivation of hematopoietic cells from hPSCs, we show t

Chronic low-grade inflammation, particularly in adipose tissue, is an important modulator of obesity-induced insulin resistance. The Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) is a key initiator of inflammatory responses in macrophages. We performed bone marrow transplantation (BMT) of Tlr4lps-del or control C57Bl/10J donor cells into irradiated wild-type C57Bl6 recipient mice to generate hematopoietic cell-spec

The study concludes that there were contacts between Birka and western Finland throughout more or less the whole existence of the town. The earliest evidence of these contacts is from the 760s and the latest from the middle of the tenth century. Unlike other eastern material in Birka, which became much more frequent during the second half of the ninth century the contacts with Finland were constan

Experiments on manganese(II)- and nickel(II)-catalyzed oxidation of sulfur(IV) by oxygen in aqueous solution at pH 4.5 afford a direct measurement of the loss of sulfur(IV) during the oxidation in the natural pH-range of most atmospheric aqueous systems.Manganese(II)- and nickel(II)-catalyzed oxidation of sulfur(IV) by oxygen in aqueous solution at pH 4.5 has been studied, as a model for oxidation of sulfur(IV) to sulfuric acid at the natural pH of the droplets in most atmospheric aqueous systems.

Öresundsregionen har under decennier utvecklats till ett viktigt samarbetsprojektkring arbetsmarknad, bostadsmarknad, näringsliv, konsumtion, turism och kulturlängs den svensk-danska gränsen. Men under senare år har det skett en nedgång ibland annat pendling mellan den danska och den svenska sidan. I detta kapitel kanvi med hjälp av de sydsvenska SOM-undersökningarna visa att skåningarna tycks bry