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Caspase inhibitors increase short-term survival of progenitor-cell progeny in the adult rat dentate gyrus following status epilepticus

The dentate gyrus (DG) is one of the few regions in the brain that continues to produce new neurons throughout adulthood. Seizures not only increase neurogenesis, but also lead to death of DG neurons. We investigated the relationship between cell death and neurogenesis following seizures in the DG of adult rats by blocking caspases, which are key components of apoptotic cell death. Multiple intrac

Filamentous Chloroflexi are abundant in wastewater treatment processes with biological nutrient removal

Most filamentous bacteria in biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes have not been identified beyond their morphotype and simple staining reactions. Furthermore, the majority of sludge filaments observed under the microscope do not hybridize to commonly used phylogenetic probes for well characterized bacterial phyla such as the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Spec

XEDS-mapping for explaining release patterns from single pellets

A common way to formulate controlled-release (CR) pharmaceuticals is to coat pellets of active substance with a polymer film, decrease the size of the pellets and distribute them as multiple-unit dosages in capsules. To increase the understanding of the release mechanism, the pellet shape and surface structure of pellets, before and after release in microtitre plates, have been studied by scanning

Subcellular localization, modification and protein complex formation of the cdk-inhibitor p16 in Rb-functional and Rb-inactivated tumor cells.

The cdk-inhibitor p16 is a tumor suppressor gene that is inactivated in many forms of cancer. Despite numerous studies, the exact mechanism of regulation of p16 has not been clarified, although the status of retinoblastoma (Rb) seems to be one important factor that influences the p16 expression. The specificity and validity of cytoplasmic localization of p16 observed in some tumors has further bee

Endovascular treatment of chronic mesenteric ischemia: report of five cases

PURPOSE: To evaluate the midterm results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stent placement in stenotic and occluded mesentesic arteries in five consecutive patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia. METHODS: Five patients with 70%-100% obliterations of all mesenteric vessels resulting in chronic mesenteric ischemia (n = 4) and as a prophylactic measure prior to abdominal aortic an

rCBF pathology in Alzheimer's disease is associated with slow processing speed

Decreased information processing speed (mental slowing) is a known sequelae of many brain disorders, and can be assessed by continuous naming tasks. Functional imaging studies have shown that pause and articulation times in continuous speech are normally associated with different brain regions, but knowledge about such association in dementia is lacking. We therefore tested the hypothesis that per

Synthesis of fused tetrazole derivatives via a tandem cycloaddition and N-allylation reaction and parallel synthesis of fused tetrazole amines

A method for the synthesis of novel fused tricyclic tetrazoles from allylic bromides generated by the recently discovered DiazAll reaction has been developed. This new tandem reaction comprises a cycloaddition between a nitrile and (TMS)N-3 followed by an intramolecular N-allylation. The variation of functionalities in the benzene moiety was well-tolerated, and only a moderate difference in yield

Selection criteria for genetic assessment of patients with familial melanoma

Approximately 5% to 10% of melanoma may be hereditary in nature, and about 2% of melanoma can be specifically attributed to pathogenic germline mutations in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A). To appropriately identify the small proportion of patients Who benefit most from referral to a genetics specialist for consideration of genetic testing for CDKN2A, We have reviewed available publi

Impact of concomitant DMARD therapy on adherence to treatment with etanercept and infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a six-year observational study in southern Sweden

The objective of this work is to compare the adherence to therapy of patients receiving etanercept and infliximab during first tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking treatment course in rheumatoid arthritis. Special emphasis is placed on potential predictors for treatment termination and the impact of concomitant methotrexate (MTX) or other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Patients (

Redescription of the Antarctic springtail Desoria klovstadi using morphological and molecular evidence

Isotoma klovstadi Carpenter, 1902 was one of the first Collembola described from the Antarctic continent. It was first collected in November 1899 during the British Antarctic Expedition on the north coast of Victoria Land in the Ross Sea region. It is now known to occur in an extensive area of northern Victoria Land, including the offshore Possession, Coulman, and Foyn Islands. More recently, L kl

Complex karyotypes in flow cytometrically DNA-diploid squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck

In squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), DNA ploidy as determined by flow cytometry (FCM) has been found to yield prognostic information but only for tumours at oral sites. Cytogenetic findings have indicated complex karyotype to be a correlate of poor clinical outcome. In the present study, 73 SCCHN were investigated with the two techniques. Aneuploid cell populations were identif

Cobalamin, folate, methylmalonic acid, homocysteine, and gastritis markers in dementia

The prevalence of dementia disorders, cobalamin and/or folate deficiency as well as gastritis increases with age. To investigate whether there is an association between these conditions, plasma homocysteine (Hcy), serum methylmalonic acid, serum cobalamin and blood folate concentrations were measured. Gastritis was indirectly diagnosed by measuring serum antibodies against H,K-ATPase, HELICOBACTER

Eta decays at and beyond p(4) in Chiral Perturbation Theory

An overview is given of Chiral Perturbation Theory and various applications to eta decays. In particular. the main decay eta --> 3pi is discussed at the one-loop level, and estimates of the higher order corrections are given. The importance of p(6) and higher order effects in double Dalitz and eta --> pi(0)gammagamma decays is pointed out. In all these cases the need for new experimental results i

Variability in diagnosis of clue cells, lactobacillary grading and white blood cells in vaginal wet smears with conventional bright light and phase contrast microscopy

Objective: Study the reproducibility of wet smear interpretation of clue cells, lactobacillary grades and leukocyte dominance with conventional bright light and phase contrast microscopy. Study design: Sets of vaginal specimens were taken from unselected consecutive women attending an outpatient gynaecology clinic. Air-dried vaginal fluid on a microscope slide was rehydrated with isotonic saline b

Equilibrium sampling through membrane based on a single hollow fibre for determination of drug-protein binding and free drug concentration in plasma

The determination of drug-protein binding and free drug concentration in plasma applying the equilibrium sampling through membrane (ESTM) technique has been studied using supported liquid membrane extraction in a single hollow fibre without any membrane carrier. In the extraction setup, the donor phase (plasma or buffer) was placed in the vial, into which was immersed the hollow fibre with the acc

Systematics of the Dactylorhiza euxina/incarnata/maculata polyploid complex (Orchidaceae) in Turkey: evidence from allozyme data

Material of Dactylorhiza were sampled from 49 localities in Turkey and investigated for allozyme variation at ten loci (nine enzyme systems). Among diploids, the Anatolian D. osmanica and D. umbrosa were allozymically variable, but not distinct from each other or from D. incarnata. Dactylorhiza saccifera contained the same alleles as the European D. fuchsii. Dactylorhiza iberica and D. euxina were