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Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiencies (IgGSD) are associated with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Tools to identify patients with IgGSD who benefit from immunoglobulin G replacement therapy (IgGRT) are lacking. This crossover study evaluated the number of antibiotic-demanding infections on and after up to 18 mo off IgGRT in 28 patients with IgGSD. Pneumococcal antibodies against 21 seroty
This chapter explores the links between climate change, environmental degradation, and protracted armed conflicts, focusing on how international law can facilitate effective environmental interventions. It examines how international law, particularly the work of the UN International Law Commission on the Protection of the Environment in relation to Armed Conflicts (PERAC) Principles, international
Introduction: Ultra-severe traumatic brain injury (us-TBI), defined as Glasgow Coma Scale score (GCS) of five-three, is associated with high mortality and severe morbidity amongst survivors. However, in selected patients a favourable recovery may still be achieved. Research question: We aimed to characterise what clinical parameters can be used as prognosticators in us-TBI patients. Material and m
AIMS: To investigate the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction and associated risk factors in pre-diabetes and diabetes in the general population.METHODS: Diastolic function was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography in a cross-sectional sample of 3840 men and women aged 50-64 years from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study. Anthropometry, medical history, blood pressure, biochemistry and
Background: Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is an emerging technique under evaluation for temporal bone imaging. Its capacity for radiation dose reduction while maintaining diagnostic image quality (IQ) requires further study. Purpose: To evaluate how PCCT compares to energy-integrating CT (EICT) in temporal bone imaging in terms of IQ and visualization of anatomical landmarks, at a cli
Background Carotid and coronary atherosclerosis are critical determinants of cardiovascular risk, yet their interrelationship in middle-aged populations is incompletely understood. This study assessed carotid plaque composition, risk-factor associations, coronary disease, and sex differences in a subclinical cohort. Methods Within the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study, 533 asymptomatic indivi
Despite its promise, biodiesel production via the supercritical methanol (SCM) process has stalled due to limited understanding of interactions among key operating parameters and process-modeling gaps, resulting in contradictory techno-economic (TEA) and life-cycle carbon footprint assessments. In the present study, we integrate experimental optimization with techno-economic, carbon footprint, and
Environmental peacebuilding has emerged as an interdisciplinary field that integrates environmental governance with conflict resolution and post-conflict recovery. This chapter argues that this emerging field should be understood as a new paradigm in international law in two respects. First, it is a paradigm of legal ordering. In the absence of a single coherent regime for post-conflict environmen
Introduction: Long-term pelvic floor symptoms after childbirth may impair women's quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of self-reported pelvic floor symptoms 1 year postpartum in primiparous women by degree of perineal tear, with a focus on minor and major second-degree tears, and their association with quality of life. Material and Methods: This prospective cohort s
The unusually broad and intense visible (Vis) absorption band observed in naphthalenediimide–bithiophene (NDI-T2) co-polymers reflects complex electronic and vibronic interactions between donor and acceptor units. While the charge-transfer character arising from electronic coupling across the moieties likely contributes to the red-shifted absorption, the pronounced spectral broadness may also orig
Background: L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is attributed to opposite activity changes mediated by D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in the two striatal output pathways. Whereas the causal role of direct-pathway D1 receptors is well established, the specific involvement of indirect-pathway D2 receptors in dopaminergic dyskinesias has remained elusive. Objectives: We used conditional knockout approaches in mi
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a multifactorial disorder involving gut-brain axis dysregulation, altered barrier integrity, microbial imbalance, and stress-related mechanisms, with limited nutritional strategies targeting these pathways. Tannin-rich extracts may exert barrier-protective, microbiota-modulating, and stress-related effects. In a prospective before-after pilo
Background: Treatment of brain injuries and neurodegenerative disorders is a critical challenge due to poor regenerative capabilities of the central nervous system. The current therapeutic strategies are primarily focussed on treating the symptoms than addressing the core issue of loss of neurons. Despite advances in stem cell therapies and surgical alternatives, they are not always successful due
Introduction: Prolonged intense physical activity, such as long-distance running, may lead to systemic inflammation and cause organ injury, particularly to the kidneys. This study aimed to assess the impact of trail race running on kidney and muscle injury and gut inflammation biomarkers, and the potential mitigating effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) supplementation. Methods:
Fixed-target platforms provide convenient support for microcrystals during serial X-ray crystallography studies using synchrotron radiation. Here, we describe a simple user-friendly 3D-printed support where the crystals are sandwiched between two layers of thin X-ray-transparent membrane resulting in very low scattering background. The platform is compatible with magnetic mounting onto the standar
Rising global temperatures and compound climatic extremes outpace avian thermoregulatory capacity. Yet, heat tolerance has been studied in only 1–2% of birds, mostly from the southern subtropics. The field requires research in two main areas. First, temperature and humidity must be considered in unison, and we provide a guiding, biophysical, framework for how these factors interact across climates
Background/Objectives: Contemporary healthcare systems are characterised by rapid change, high workload, and staff shortages, creating conditions that may compromise care quality and generate turbulence in nursing. Turbulence has been discussed in nursing research. However, greater conceptual clarity is needed regarding its underlying factors and implications for nursing work. The aim of this stud
The International Bladder Cancer Group (IBCG) has proposed a prognostic model for intermediate risk (IR) non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) for clinical decision-making. We applied the IBCG IR model in a population-based Swedish setting in patients with primary IR NMIBC diagnosed 2013-2014 in BladderBaSe 2.0. Patients were stratified into low-risk (unifocal and tumour size < 3 cm) and inte
