During amino acid starvation the Escherichia coli stringent response factor RelA recognizes deacylated tRNA in the ribosomal A-site. This interaction activates RelA-mediated synthesis of alarmone nucleotides pppGpp and ppGpp, collectively referred to as (p)ppGpp. These two alarmones are synthesized by addition of a pyrophosphate moiety to the 3 position of the abundant cellular nucleotide GTP and

Translation, that is biosynthesis of polypeptides in accordance with information encoded in the genome, is one of the most important processes in the living cell, and it has been in the spotlight of international research for many years. The mechanisms of protein biosynthesis in bacteria and in the eukaryotic cytoplasm are now understood in great detail. However, significantly less is known about

Brain injuries can interrupt descending neural pathways that convey motor commands from the cortex to spinal motoneurons. Here, we demonstrate that a unilateral injury of the hindlimb sensorimotor cortex of rats with completely transected thoracic spinal cord produces hindlimb postural asymmetry with contralateral flexion and asymmetric hindlimb withdrawal reflexes within 3 hr, as well as asymmetr

En översikt av det konstruerade språket klingonska från Star Trek.

Rapid and continuing advances in biomarker testing are not being matched by uptake in health systems, and this is hampering both patient care and innovation. It also risks costing health systems the opportunity to make their services more efficient and, over time, more economical. The potential that genomics has brought to biomarker testing in diagnosis, prediction and research is being realised,

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a major pregnancy disorder complicating up to 8% of pregnancies. Increasing evidence indicates a sex-specific interplay between the mother, placenta and fetus. This may lead to different adaptive mechanisms during pregnancy. Methods: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis to determine associations of fetal sex and PE, with specific focus on gest

Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects over six million people worldwide and is characterised by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra, accumulation of pathological alpha-synuclein (αSyn), and inflammation in the brain. This leads to motor impairments including rigidity, akinesia, bradykinesia, resting tremor, and postural instability. Cell replacement therapy aims to

A series of iron(IV) oxo complexes, which differ in the donor (CH2py or CH2COO-) cis to the oxo group, three with hemilabile pendant donor/second coordination sphere base/acid arms (pyH/py or ROH), have been prepared in water at pH 2 and 7. The νFe=O values of 832 ± 2 cm-1 indicate similar FeIV=O bond strengths; however, different reactivities toward C-H substrates in water are observed. HAT occur

The use of radio signal for position tracking (positioning) and navigation has a long tradition. Most notably, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are now widely applied for civilian applications, ranging all the way from tracking of cargo containers to gaming. However, GNSS suffers from limited coverage in dense urban areas and indoors and also from a limited position accuracy, which rules

Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) often exhibit more than one mating behavior depending on social context (i.e., behavioral plasticity). It has been hypothesized that by constraining an ART from reaching optimal morphological states, intralocus tactical conflict could promote the maintenance of behavioral plasticity in ARTs, rather than the use of a fixed mating behavior to match an optimal

Male breast cancer (BCa) is a rare disease accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancers and 1% of all cancers in males. The clinical management is largely extrapolated from female BCa. Several multigene assays are increasingly used to guide clinical treatment decisions in female BCa, however, there are limited data on the utility of these tests in male BCa. Here we present the gene expression

PICT (Pollution Induced Community Tolerance) to Cu is a useful and sensitive tool to assess the effects of Cu pollution in soils under laboratory conditions. However, in field situations, the absence of reference values, i.e. bacterial community tolerance to Cu baseline from non-polluted soils, make the method uncertain when we want to know if a soil is or is not polluted from a microbiological po

Artikel i Svenska Dagbladets Under strecket om hälsningar under och efter pandemin.

The Nordic countries are often considered as remarkably exceptional in terms of the proenvironmental behavior of their citizens and also as forerunners in environmental policies. However, very few empirical studies have been done at the aggregated level about how the Nordics compare to other countries. The article addresses this knowledge gap and analyzes the Nordic region in terms of willingness