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We observe that, while predicting returns remain difficult and uncertain, volatility exhibit more persistence and predictability due to well-known patterns such as volatility clustering (Mandelbrot, 1967). We test whether short-horizon volatility forecasts can be used to time leverage in a passive index strategy so as to mitigate the growth penalty from volatility drag in leveraged exchange-traded
This thesis examines how heterogeneous U.S. firms respond to trade policy announcements issued by President Donald Trump during his two administrations (2017–2021 and from 2025 onward). The results imply that among the 144 firms studied, export-oriented firms were more negatively affected by the trade policy announcements chosen for this study than non-export-oriented firms. These findings are con
This thesis asks whether European Union candidacy, as an intermediate stage prior to accession, increases bilateral trade between Western Balkan candidates and EU members. The methodology combines a structural-gravity framework estimated by PPML with a heterogeneity-robust staggered difference-in-differences event study, using directional dyad–year goods trade for 2006–2019 and exporter×year, impo
This thesis investigates the impacts of three major global disruptions: the COVID-19 pandemic, the Suez Canal blockage, and the Russia-Ukraine war on Sweden’s automotive exports, a critical sector contributing approximately 15% to Sweden’s total goods exports. Utilizing monthly export data from 2017 to 2024 and employing a Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average model with exogenous inp
This study investigates how different monetary policy tools have influenced deviations from Covered Interest Parity (CIP) in the USD/SEK 3-month cross-currency basis from 2007 to 2023. Using weekly data and OLS regression with Newey-West standard errors, the analysis evaluates the impact of policy-rate changes, quantitative easing (QE), and central-bank swap lines implemented by the Federal Reserv
In this text we develop a model of countries deciding on mitigation levels of CO2 in a tit-for-tat manner. Taking key ideas from earlier papers, we construct a payoff framework which describes free-riding incentives and which assesses the utility of countries' discounted future output - an output which is reduced by both abatement costs and climate damage. We then, by means of a differential e
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 6–10% of adults and often remains undiagnosed until advanced stages, leading to inadequate management. This study compared diagnosed, proxy-diagnosed, and undiagnosed CKD patients regarding prevalence, clinical assessment, nephroprotective treatment, healthcare utilization, and mortality. Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed Regi
Self-harm, including nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide attempts, is common among youth, associated with elevated psychopathology, suicide risk, and increased demand for clinical services. Despite advances in understanding and treatment, few interventions have demonstrated efficacy in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which are considered the gold standard for evaluating treatment effects by r
Characteristic Mode analysis is a widely used technique in antenna design, providing insight into the fundamental electromagnetic behavior of radiating structures. In this paper, we establish fundamental bounds on the slope of characteristic mode eigenvalues and angles, demonstrating that their rate of change is subject to fundamental constraints for all possible realizations within a given design
The chapter summarizes the different methods available for damage repair after water and/or fire events. Different drying methods as well as their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. This is done separately for timber framing and mass timber constructions. The section for repair after fire events points out the different steps that should be taken after a fire event. This includes methods
In Nordic countries, demand response (DR) programs are critical for enhancing energy flexibility and reducing peak electricity consumption in buildings and industry. Accurate short-term demand forecasting is essential to support these programs, especially in the context of cities with varying levels of data availability. This paper compares three different forecasting approaches for hourly electri
During the last two decades, an active line of research in proof complexity has been into the space complexity of proofs and how space is related to other measures. By now these aspects of the resolution proof system are fairly well understood, but many open problems remain for the related but stronger proof system polynomial calculus (PC/PCR). For instance, the space complexity of many standard “
This article explores the regional embeddedness of bioeconomy innovations in Germany, focusing on “flagship” innovation projects that exemplify the challenges and opportunities of systemic changes towards bioeconomies. While bioeconomies have been promoted as solutions to global challenges and opportunities for sustainable regional development, there are ongoing debates about the actual benefits o
Mystical-type experiences can be induced through techniques like hypnosis and meditation. These experiences are common in near-death experiences (NDEs) and have been linked to paranormal beliefs. This study explored auto-induced cognitive trance (AICT) as a method to induce mystical-type experiences and NDE outside of life threatening situations (NDE-like), as well as examining the influence of fa
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a thigh-worn accelerometer to detect walking during daily life in individuals with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis (LSS). Two hypotheses were made regarding how walking measurements from the accelerometer, a walking test, and an ankle-worn StepWatch would relate in order for the accelerometer to be valid. The hypotheses were: (a) there is no difference b
Venetoclax-obinutuzumab (Ven-Obi) is a standard first-line therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The impact of age, fitness, and dose reductions remains unclear. We analyzed patients treated with Ven-Obi in the CLL13 and CLL14 trials, excluding patients with TP53 aberrations. Fitness was assessed using the cumulative illness rating scale (CIRS, >6) and creatinine clearance (≤70 mL
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive loss of motor neurons. Neuroinflammation is apparent in affected tissues, including increased T cell infiltration and activation of microglia, particularly in the spinal cord1,2. Autoimmune responses are thought to have a key role in ALS pathology, and it is hypothesized that T cells contribute to the
Adolescent girls are particularly susceptible to iron deficiency due to increased iron requirements during the pubertal growth spurt, combined with iron loss following menarche. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding in an adolescent population using the SAMANTA questionnaire and to explore its relationship with dietary habits and iron deficiency. This cross-sec
