We present an analytical method for the in situ measurement of atmospheric nitrogen trifluoride (NF 3), an anthropogenic gas with a 100-year global warming potential of over 16 000. This potent greenhouse gas has a rising atmospheric abundance due to its emission from a growing number of manufacturing processes and an expanding end-use market. Here we present a modified version of the "Medusa" pre

High-frequency in situ measurements at Gosan (Jeju Island, Korea) during November 2007 to December 2008 have been combined with interspecies correlation analysis to estimate national emissions of halogenated compounds (HCs) in East Asia, including the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6),

We report on ground-based atmospheric measurements and emission estimates of the four anthropogenic hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) HFC-365mfc (CH 3CF2CH2CF3, 1,1,1,3,3- pentafluorobutane), HFC-245fa (CHF2CH2CF3, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane), HFC-227ea (CF3CHFCF3, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane), and HFC-236fa (CF3CH 2CF3, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane). In situ measurements are from the global monit

Background & Aims: Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of serious infections, but whether this risk varies by histologic disease activity is unclear. Methods: This was a national population-based study of 55,626 individuals diagnosed with IBD in 1990 to 2016 with longitudinal data on ileocolorectal biopsy specimens followed up through 2016. Serious infection

Although several food-related fields have yet to fully grasp the speed and breadth of the fourth industrial revolution (also known as Industry 4.0), growing literature from other sectors shows that Industry 5.0 (referring to the fifth industrial revolution) is already underway. Food Industry 4.0 has been characterized by the fusion of physical, digital, and biological advances in food science and

Vespula germanica and Vespula vulgaris are two common European wasps that have ecological and economic importance as a result of their artificial introduction into many different countries and environments. Their success has undoubtedly been aided by their capacity for visually guided hunting, foraging, learning and using visual cues in the context of homing and navigation. However, the visual sys

Background: The ankle–brachial index (ABI) is the ratio of the ankle and brachial systolic blood pressures. In the clinical setting, low ABI (< 0.9) is an indicator of peripheral atherosclerosis, while high ABI (> 1.4) is a sign of arterial stiffness and calcification. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between ABI and physical activity levels, measured by accelero

Karin Zackari, universitetslektor i mänskliga rättigheter, visar i sina tillbakablickar att även om universalismen framstår som det svagaste argumentet i samtidens politik, så finns det ett akut behov av en politisk universalism som kommer till uttryck genom konflikter och handlingar. Zackari fokuserar särskilt på den franska filosofen Étienne Balibars intervention i debatten om universalismens mö

The legendary cruise of H.M.S. Challenger (1872-1876) around the globe must always occupy an eminent place in the annals of oceanography, as being the first systematic attempt made on a global scale to explore the ocean. This expedition made fundamental discoveries in biology and geology which have not been surpassed by any later scientific cruise. Sediment with high content of metals (later calle

Non-traditional stable isotope systems are increasingly used to study micronutrient cycling and acquisition in terrestrial ecosystems. We previously proposed for zinc (Zn) a conceptual model linking observed isotope signatures and fractionations to biogeochemical processes occurring in the rice soil environment and we suggested that 2’deoxymugineic acid (DMA) could play an important role for rice

We present the organization, instrumentation, datasets, data interpretation, modeling, and accomplishments of the multinational global atmospheric measurement program AGAGE (Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment). AGAGE is distinguished by its capability to measure globally, at high frequency, and at multiple sites all the important species in the Montreal Protocol and all the important non

Two of the key functions of arteries in the brain are (1) the well-recognized supply of blood via the vascular lumen and (2) the emerging role for the arterial walls as routes for the elimination of interstitial fluid (ISF) and soluble metabolites, such as amyloid beta (Aβ), from the brain and retina. As the brain and retina possess no conventional lymphatic vessels, fluid drainage toward peripher

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability, yet the cellular response to the ischemic insult is poorly understood limiting therapeutic options. Brain pericytes are crucial for maintaining blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and are known to be one of the first responders to ischemic stroke. The exact timeline of cellular events after stroke, however, remains elusive. Using the per

Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the association between serum levels of cortisol and erectile function in healthy men aged 45-60 years.Material and methods: The serum level of cortisol was measured. The international index of erectile function-5 items (IIEF-5) was used to assess the erectile function.Data were gathered on the age of participants, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circum

Social media platforms open up new methods of candidate messaging, voter contact, and data acquisition. Currently, affordances is a popular concept used to study the relationship between political campaigns and how they use social media platforms. Scholars argue that since platforms have different designs, they offer different affordances that affect how campaigns use social media. This chapter ev