Because internal resources are finite, it has been assumed that attractive, floral organs represent a significant drain on the energy and nutrient budget of a plant. Despite the broad significance of such trade-offs, in relatively few studies have investigators manipulated floral investments, then evaluated allocation to subsequently produced flowers, fruits, and seeds. In the present study of Nig

The use of fossil energy is one of the major environmental problems associated with tourism and travel. Consequently, the need to limit fossil energy use has been highlighted as a precondition for achieving sustainable tourism development. However, tourism is also one of the most important sectors of the world economy, and fears have thus been expressed by the tourist industry and its organisation

The purpose of this Phase II study was to evaluate if alum-formulated human recombinant GAD65 is safe and does not compromise beta cell function. The study was conducted as a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation clinical trial in a total of 47 Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) patients who received either placebo or 4, 20, 100, or 500 μg Diamyd subcutaneously at

Entrepreneurship is considered a central force of economic development, as it generates growth and serves as a vehicle for innovation and change., Tourism is one of the economic sectors in which a great degree of involvement is needed by the entrepreneurial sector: diversification of tourism products and services is needed to cope with increased demand for new types of tourism needs. These include

The visible-to-ultraviolet upconversion in Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystals have been investigated at room temperature for three different Pr3+ ion concentrations. The upconverted luminescence bands at the UV region from 270 to 350 nm were obtained with visible laser excitation. The upconversion mechanism was studied by observing the absorption and excitation spectra, the dependence of upconverted luminescenc

Background— The inverse relationship between pulmonary function and incidence of cardiovascular disease remains largely unexplained. This prospective study explored the hypothesis of a relationship with inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins. Methods and Results— Forced vital capacity (FVC) and plasma levels of fibrinogen, {alpha} 1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and orosomucoid were de

Advanced glyeation end products (AGEs) are thought to play a major pathogenic role in diabetic retinopathy. The most important AGE is unknown, but as increased serum methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone has been demonstrated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the aim of the present study was to elucidate possible associations between serum levels of hydroimidazolone and retinopathy in pa

This article outlines experimental and numerical studies on shrinkage of High-Performance Concrete, HPC. Especially carbonation shrinkage may introduce surface cracking in concrete, which affects the durability. In order to study shrinkage, cylinders of eight qualities of HPC were investigated. Parallel studies on autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, hydration, internal relative humidity and st

A capacitive immunosensor based on a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of thiourea on gold electrode has been developed. Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) was immobilized on a self-assembled thiourea monolayer (SATUM) via covalent coupling. Under optimum conditions, the decrease in capacitive signal when carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) standard was injected could be determined with a detection

In this article, we discuss and contradict a recent publication by Russo et al., which suggests that the filtration of large amounts of albumin followed by transtubular transport of intact albumin is a physiological phenomenon.

The use of multi-amplitude signaling schemes in wireless OFDM systems requires the tracking of the fading radio channel. The paper addresses channel estimation based on time-domain channel statistics. Using a general model for a slowly fading channel, the authors present the MMSE and LS estimators and a method for modifications compromising between complexity and performance. The symbol error rate

Modelling the temperature dynamics of a district heating system is typically validated for a single pipe or a system with limited information about dynamic consumer behaviour. In the present work, time dependent consumer data from the Naestved district heating system was used to investigate the ability of modelling tools to represent the temperature profile distortion throughout an entire heating

Objective: To compare 5% albumin, 6% dextran 70, 3.5% gelatin, 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4, and saline regarding their plasma volume expanding effect after a surgical skeletal muscle trauma and their simultaneous effects on transvascular fluid exchange in skeletal muscle. Design: Controlled, prospective, randomized laboratory study. Setting: University research laboratory. Subjects: Thirty-six

From 1975 through 1995, 45,025 knee arthroplasties were recorded in the prospective Swedish Knee Arthroplasty study. By the end of 1995, 1,135 of 14,772 primary unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (UKA) for localized, mainly medial arthrosis had been revised. The Marmor/Richards and St. Georg sledge/Endo-Link prostheses were used in 65%. Mean age at revision was 72 (71) years. 232 revisions were

An extensive follow-up study of day- and night-active Macrolepidoptera was performed during 2004 at the Kullaberg Nature Reserve located in the south-western part of Sweden. Butterflies were surveyed in an area of 100 km(2) and night-active moths were trapped in the core area of the reserve. Macrolepidopteran species resident in the area in the 1950s were compared with species resident in the area

The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is the causative agent for peptic ulcer disease. Bacterial adherence to the human gastric epithelial lining is mediated by the fucosylated Lewis b (Leb) histo-blood group antigen. The Leb-binding adhesin, BabA, was purified by receptor activity-directed affinity tagging. The bacterial Leb-binding phenotype was associated with the presence of the cag pathogenicity

dWe construct the effective chiral Lagrangian for chiral perturbation theory in the mesonic odd-intrinsic-parity sector at order p(6). The Lagrangian contains 24 in principle measurable terms and no contact terms for the general case of N-f light flavors, 23 terms for three and 5 for two flavors. In the two flavor case we need a total of 13 terms if ail external singlet vector field is included. W