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Striated domain self-organizing ordered assemblies of transmembrane α-helical peptides and lipids in bilayers

This review summarizes the knowledge on striated domains, which are ordered assemblies of transmembrane peptides and lipids under gel-state conditions. The structure, mechanism of function and utility of this system as a model for domain formation is described, resulting in a molecular description of the domains and a discussion on the relevance of these insights for the function/formation and str

Interconversion of Low- and High-Potential Forms of Cytochrome b559 in Tris-Washed Photosystem II Membranes under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

In this study, the reversible conversion between the high- (HP) and low-potential (LP) forms of Cytb559 has been analyzed in Tris-washed photosystem II (PSII) enriched membranes. These samples are deprived of the Mn cluster of the water-oxidizing complex (WOC) and the extrinsic regulatory proteins. The results obtained by application of optical and EPR spectroscopy reveal that (i) under aerobic co

ApoM: gene regulation and effects on HDL metabolism

The recently discovered apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a plasma protein of the lipocalin family associated with the lipoproteins (mainly high-density lipoproteins, or HDLs). Expression of the apoM gene in the liver is regulated by transcription factors that control key steps in hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism. Although the concentration of plasma apoM correlates with that of cholesterol, apoM was

How many ECG leads do we need?

The number of leads needed in clinical electrocardiography depends on the clinical problem to be solved. The standard 12-lead ECG is so well established that alternative lead systems must prove their advantage through well-conducted clinical studies to achieve clinical acceptance. Certain additional leads seem to add valuable information in specific patient groups. The use of a large number of lea

Human B1 and B2 bradykinin receptors and their agonists target caveolae-related lipid rafts to different degrees in HEK293 cells

To address the targeting of G protein-coupled receptors to caveolae-related lipid rafts (CLR), we studied the human B2 (B2R) and B1 (B1R) bradykinin receptor subtypes in HEK293 cells. CLR were enriched on the basis of their unique buoyant density and composition of cholesterol, caveolin-1, and flotillin-1 but not clathrin. CLR contained B2R and B1R as determined by both receptor immunoblotting and

Molecular cluster based nanoelectronics

The use of molecular clusters as a basis of molecular single-electronic systems is considered experimentally and theoretically. The Langmuir-Blodgett formation and scanning tunneling microscope study of structures with chemically different cluster molecules is described. I-V curves and control curves of molecular single-electron transistors based on various single molecules were studied at room te

The C-terminus of the gamma2 chain but not of the beta3 chain of laminin-332 is indirectly but indispensably necessary for integrin-mediated cell reactions

Using a recombinant mini-laminin-332, we showed that truncation of the three C-terminal amino acids of the gamma2 chain, but not of the C-terminal amino acid of the beta3 chain, completely abolished alpha3beta1 integrin binding and its cellular functions, such as attachment and spreading. However, a synthetic peptide mimicking the gamma2 chain C-terminus did not interfere with alpha3beta1 integrin

Responses of vegetation and soil microbial communities to warming and simulated herbivory in a subarctic heath

1. Climate warming increases the cover of deciduous shrubs in arctic ecosystems and herbivory is also known to have a strong influence on the biomass and composition of vegetation. However, research combining herbivory with warming is largely lacking. Our study describes how warming and simulated herbivory affect vegetation, soil nutrient concentrations and soil microbial communities after 10-13 y

Distribution of different fibre types in human skeletal muscles. A statistical and computational study of the fibre type arrangement in m. vastus lateralis of young, healthy males

To test whether the arrangement of fibre types in the human muscle (m. vastus lateralis) from clinically healthy and young males can be regarded as random, fascicles at different parts of the muscle and with different fibre type proportions were studied. The randomness of the arrangement of fibre types was assessed by the number of enclosed fibres in a fascicle and, on the basis of a model, tested

N-acetylcysteine administration during the first week of life does not improve lung function in extremely low birth weight infants

Oxygen toxicity is thought to be an important factor involved in development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the very preterm infant. Glutathione (GSH) plays a major role in the antioxidant defense system in the preterm lung and there are theoretical implications that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment could improve its function. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether NAC treatm

On complex adaptive systems and agent-based modelling for improving decision-making in manufacturing and logistics settings: Experiences from a packaging company

Purpose – This paper aims to contribute to the tactical and operational decision making of manufacturing and logistics operations by providing novel insights into modelling and simulation, based on complex adaptive systems (CAS). Design/methodology/approach – The research approach is theoretically based on CAS with agent-based modelling (ABM) as the implementation method. A case study is presented

A framework for process indicators to monitor for sustainable development: Practice to an urban water system

Although very often used, the concept of sustainable development has not yet been perceived pragmatically. Due to its process nature, in this paper, we argue that sustainable development is a process in which the essential feedback loops, or Viability Loops as we name them, in the system in question are kept healthy and functional. This process deals with evolutionary changes with the end point no

A Kinetic Study of the Dry 5O2-Linestone Reaction at Low Temperature

The dry reaction between SO2 and limestone has been investigated at low temperatures. The study was focused on the wet-dry scrubbing application. Parameters investigated included: temperature: 313–353 K, SO2 concentration: 50–4000 ppm, oxygen concentration: 0–9 percent, carbon dioxide concentration: 0–10 percent, relative humidity 0–92 percent, limestone panicle diameter: 4–100 microns, and limest

Is the wall of a cellulose fiber saturated with liquid whether or not permeable with CO2 dissolved molecules? Application to bubble nucleation in champagne wines

In this paper, the transversal diffusion coefficient D of CO2 dissolved molecules through the wall of a hydrated cellulose fiber was approached, from the liquid bulk diffusion coefficient of CO2 dissolved molecules modified by an obstruction factor. The porous network between the cellulose microfibrils of the fiber wall was assumed being saturated with liquid. We retrieved information from previou