Popular Abstract in Swedish Begreppen ‘participation’ och ‘empowerment’ är flitigt använda inom utvecklingsprojekt i tredje världen. Den betydelse som tillskrivs begreppen idag betonar en normativ tolkning, baserad på ett alternativt perspektiv på utveckling vilket innebär utgångspunkt från de människor utvecklingsprojeket berör snarare än västerländsk kunskap och expertis. Begreppen kräver detaljThe concepts participation and empowerment are frequently used in development projects in the third world. The meaning given to the concepts today signal a normative orientation, marking an alternative, people-centred approach to development. When used in development projects, the concepts demand detailed descriptions. They also demand project implementers, often local NGOs (non-government organis

Context Inpatients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, warfarin prevents ischemic stroke, but dose adjustment, coagulation monitoring, and bleeding limit its use. Objective To compare the efficacy of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran with warfarin for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism. Design, Setting, and Participants Double-blind, randomized, multicenter trial (20002001)

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Endoscopic sphincterotomy is an established treatment of retained or recurrent common bile duct calculi after cholecystectomy and in the majority of patients with an intact gallbladder. In order to identify patients ultimately requiring additional endoscopic procedures or surgery, factors predictive of decreased endoscopic bile duct clearance were sought. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bet

AimTo investigate whether reduced lung function is a risk factor for developing diabetes. MethodsNon-diabetic men (n = 382) from the population-based cohort 'Men Born in 1914' were examined with spirometry at age 55 years. The cohort was re-examined at 68 years. Diabetes and fasting plasma glucose at follow-up were studied in relation to vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV1.0) a

We analyzed data from 81 shallow European lakes, which were sampled with standardized methods, for combined effects of climatic, physical, and chemical features of food-web interactions, with a specific focus on zooplankton biomass and community structure. Multiple-regression analysis showed that total phosphorus (TP) generally was the most important predictor of zooplankton biomass and community

Recently, substantial progress has been made in detection and observation of non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the subsurface using different experimental techniques. However, there is still a lack of appropriate direct methods to measure the saturation of NAPL theta(NAPL)). This paper provides a guide for estimating theta(NAPL) and water content (theta(a)) in unsaturated and saturated sand bas

1. The rate of heat production of chemically skinned guinea-pig taenia coli smooth muscle at 25 degrees C was measured using microcalorimetric techniques. 2. Muscle strips were mounted isometrically and incubated in solutions containing MgATP (3.2 mM) and phosphocreatine (PCr, 12 mM), pH 6.9. Activation was obtained by the injection of Ca2+ into the sample compartment of the calorimeter. 3. The he

Eleven arthritic knee joints in seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis were studied before and after intraarticular injection of a corticosteroid preparation. Extensor muscle torque and quantitative electromyography increased on days 7 and 14 after treatment, indicating that muscle function had been inhibited by synovitis. Clinical signs of synovitis, such as pain, range of motion and knee circu

The weighted oscillator strengths (gf) and the lifetimes presented in this work were carried out in a multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock relativistic approach. In this calculation, the electrostatic parameters were optimized by a least-squares procedure, in order to improve the adjustment to experimental energy levels. This method produces gf-values that are in better agreement with intensity observa

Superficial blood perfusion mas monitored using laser-Doppler perfusion imaging in connection with a phase LII clinical trial comparing photodynamic therapy, utilizing topically applied aminoleuvlinic acid, with cryotherapy of basal cell, carcinomas. A total of 526 images mere recorded before and immediately after the treatment and during the follow-up period. Before treatment, the lesions exhibit

Measurements of Z gamma* production are presented using data collected by the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 183 to 209 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 667 pb(-1). The measurements cover a wide range of the possible final state four-fermion configurations: hadronic and leptonic (e(+) e(-) q (q) over bar, mu(+) mu(-) q (q) over bar ,q (q) over barv (

Where am I and what am I seeing? This is a classical vision problem and this paper presents a solution based on efficient use of a combination of 2D and 3D features. Given a model of a scene, the objective is to find the relative camera location of a new input image. Unlike traditional hypothesize-and-test methods that try to estimate the unknown camera position based on 3D model features only, or

In this report, which is the first in a series of three reports, an existing computer control system in a heavy-duty truck from Volvo Truck Corporation has been investigated. The aim of the report and of the DICOSMOS case study at Volvo Technological Development is to design and study a future computer control system for a truck and semi-trailer vehicle combination. The functionality in focus is v