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Classical blink conditioning is known to depend critically on the cerebellum and the relevant circuitry is gradually being unravelled. Several lines of evidence support the theory that the conditioned stimulus is transmitted by mossy fibers to the cerebellar cortex whereas the unconditioned stimulus is transmitted by climbing fibers. This view has been dramatically confirmed by recent Purkinje cel
The knowledge of the Pd II spectrum and term system has been extended by means of observations with Fourier transform and high dispersion photographic instruments in the infrared (8100 - 40000 Angstrom) and ultraviolet (1040 - 3100 Angstrom) regions. 320 lines have been classified and measured with high accuracy (+/-0.05-0.003 cm(-1) in the infrared, +/-0.002-0.0005 Angstrom in the ultraviolet). T
Only in a handful of cases in world history has female rule been seen by contemporary observers as desirable and been sustained for long periods of time. Drawing on European, Malay and Chinese sources, this article investigates the reasons for the institutionalisation of female rule in the Malay sultanate of Patani (presently in southern Thailand) for most of the period between c. 1584 and 1711. I
The psychiatric care of patients with schizophrenia has changed dramatically following the "deinstitutionalization" of mental health care in many Western countries. In a study of forensic autopsies in the Swedish city of Malmö between 1952 and 2005, we found an increase over time in the number of patients with schizophrenia whose bodies were not discovered until late after death, which correlated
This chapter is intended as a handbook for anyone interested in using microarrays to study Toll-like receptor (TLR) function or any other biological question. Although microarray technology has developed into a standard tool at many laboratories disposal, most of the actual microarray processing is done by core facilities using highly specialized equipment. This chapter only briefly describes thes
In patients co-infected with HIV-1 and GB virus C (GBV-C), the disappearance of GBV-C RNA has been associated with accelerated disease progression. We studied longitudinal GBV-C viral titres in 28 HIV-1/GVB-C co-infected individuals receiving HAART. During HAART, median GBV-C RNA titres increased from 95 to 6000 copies/ml (P < 0.001). In patients interrupting HAART, GBV-C-RNA titres decreased as H
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis (AP) may be studied using markers of protease activation (active carboxypeptidase B (aCAP), the activation peptide of carboxypeptidase B (CAPAP)), leakage of pancreatic enzymes (trypsinogen-2, procarboxypeptidase B (proCAP), amylase), and inflammation (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), CRP). METHODS: This prospective study includ
Highly malignant tumors, such as glioblastomas, are characterized by hypoxia, endothelial cell (EC) hyperplasia, and hypercoagulation. However, how these phenomena of the tumor microenvironment may be linked at the molecular level during tumor development remains ill-defined. Here, we provide evidence that hypoxia up-regulates protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2), i.e., a G-protein-coupled recept
Background: most fractures are preceded by falls.Objective: the aim of this study was to determine whether tests of physical performance are associated with fractures.Subjects: a total of 10,998 men aged 65 years or above were recruited.Methods: questionnaires evaluated falls sustained 12 months before administration of the grip strength test, the timed stand test, the six-metre walk test and the
There is something wrong with the sound. In Durban, Lena Ek, the Swedish minister for the environment, was ready to answer questions from students, in a shared Google document, communicators and teachers worked together to sort out the technical problems, while a couple of details about the participants were edited by a third participant.
PURPOSE: To assess the significance of a patent inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and presence of intrasac thrombus on the outcome of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). METHODS: Between June 2004 and June 2007, 114 AAA patients (100 men; mean age 75 years, range 56-87) treated electively with a bifurcated stent-graft were assessed with computed tomog
Background: While the work situation for nurse assistants in residential care is strenuous, they themselves often state that they are satisfied with their job. More knowledge is clearly needed of the interrelationship of variables associated with job satisfaction. This study aims to investigate job satisfaction and explore associated variables among nurse assistants working in residential care.
Background: For elderly people living in nursing homes, a transport to hospital for a radiological examination can lead to increased anxiety, disorientation and other problems related to the new environment. Objective: To investigate the usefulness of a mobile radiography service for radiological assessment of patients in nursing homes from the patient and staff perspectives. Methods: Lightweight
OBJECTIVE: The interface of a computerized decision support system is crucial for its acceptance among end users. We demonstrate how combined bar-line charts can be used to visualize predictions for individual patients from logistic regression models. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Data from a previous diagnostic study aiming at predicting the immediate risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among 634 p
In the wake of the enactment of Sweden’s Language Act in 2009 and in the face of the growing presence of English, Swedish universities have been called upon by the Swedish Higher Education Authority to craft their own language policy documents. This article focuses on the discursive negotiation of institutional bilingualism by a language policy committee at one Swedish university during the proces
