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The fate of carbon in a mature forest under carbon dioxide enrichment

Atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment (eCO2) can enhance plant carbon uptake and growth1–5, thereby providing an important negative feedback to climate change by slowing the rate of increase of the atmospheric CO2 concentration6. Although evidence gathered from young aggrading forests has generally indicated a strong CO2 fertilization effect on biomass growth3–5, it is unclear whether mature fores

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Et segment af danske muslimer med rødder i lande, der anvender islamisk lov, anser den islamiske vielse (nikah) og den borgerlige vielse for at være to separate vielser, der kræver to separate skilsmisser. I den forbindelse anses Familieretshusets domsmyndighed for utilstrækkelig i forhold til at opløse nikahen, eftersom en nikah-opløsning ifølge nogle muslimer kun kan foretages af en islamisk dom

Events and Causal Mappings Modeled in Conceptual Spaces

The aim of the article is to present a model of causal relations that is based on what is known about human causal reasoning and that forms guidelines for implementations in robots. I argue for two theses concerning human cognition. The first is that human causal cognition, in contrast to that of other animals, is based on the understanding of the forces that are involved. The second thesis is tha

COVID-19 Pandemic in Sweden : Measures, Policy approach and Legal and Ethical debates

In this article we analyse the legal approach and measures implemented as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic implemented by Sweden’s public authorities and their legal background. Further, we discuss general legal and ethical questions related to measures to contain public health threats such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. It is outside of the scope of this paper to compare and critically anal

Evolution of estrogen receptor status from primary tumors to metastasis and serially collected circulating tumor cells

Background: The estrogen receptor (ER) can change expression between primary tumor (PT) and distant metastasis (DM) in breast cancer. A tissue biopsy reflects a momentary state at one location, whereas circulating tumor cells (CTCs) reflect real-time tumor progression. We evaluated ER-status during tumor progression from PT to DM and CTCs, and related the ER-status of CTCs to prognosis. Methods: I

Role of gambling in payback failure in consumer credit—data from a large body of material regarding consumer loan recipients in Sweden

Indebtedness is associated with poor health outcomes, and problem gambling may contribute to indebtedness through consumer credits related to gambling expenses. The assessment of consumers’ applications for loans may be an opportunity to detect and prevent further problem gambling. The present study analyzed a number of variables including gambling-related transactions and their association with p

Contactless real-time heartbeat detection via 24 ghz continuous-wave doppler radar using artificial neural networks

The measurement of human vital signs is a highly important task in a variety of environments and applications. Most notably, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is a versatile signal that could indicate various physical and psychological conditions, from signs of life to complex mental states. The measurement of the ECG relies on electrodes attached to the skin to acquire the electrical activity of the he

A Health-Conscious Food Pattern Is Associated with Prediabetes and Gut Microbiota in the Malmö Offspring Study

Background: Diet is a determinant of gut microbiota. Both diet and gut microbiota have been linked to metabolic diseases. Objective: We aimed to examine data-driven food patterns in relation to the prevalence of prediabetes and gut microbiota composition and food pattern-associated bacteria in relation to prediabetes. Methods: Food patterns were extracted using principal component analysis in 1726

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Delay in Radical Cystectomy and the Effect on Survival in Bladder Cancer Patients

CONTEXT: The complexity of bladder cancer diagnosis and staging results in delays in definitive treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer by radical cystectomy. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analyses aim to assess the impact of delays in radical cystectomy. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review was conducted by searching Medline and Ovid Gateway using protocol-driven search term

Monitoring European pine sawfly population densities with pheromone traps in young pine plantations

Field trials utilizing pheromone traps were evaluated to develop a population monitoring and predicting system for the European pine sawfly (Neodiprion sertifer). Larval density was censused in a transect across each study site. Three traps per site were baited with 100μg of (2S,3S,7S)-3,7-dimethyl-2-pentadecyl (diprionyl) acetate. During a two-year period traps loaded with 1, 10 and 100 μg of dip

Few-cycle lightwave-driven currents in a semiconductor at high repetition rate

When an intense, few-cycle light pulse impinges on a dielectric or semiconductor material, the electric field will interact nonlinearly with the solid, driving a coherent current. An asymmetry of the ultrashort, carrier-envelope-phase-stable waveform results in a net transfer of charge, which can be measured by macroscopic electric contact leads. This effect has been pioneered with extremely short

The #metoo momentum and its aftermath: digital justice seeking and societal and legal responses

In this paper we present an outline of a research project that will be carried out in 2019 – 2021. Below we give a short summary of the project. SummaryThe flood of #metoo witness narratives has demonstrated the pervasiveness of sexual abuse. Yet, #metoo has also made visible different understandings of justice. The campaign against sexual harassment and violence has brought to the fore tensions b

Model Predictive Control of an Advanced Multiple Cylinder Engine with Partially Premixed Combustion Concept

Partially premixed combustion (PPC) is an advanced combustion concept and powertrain technology, which has a great potential to improve the fuel economy of vehicles. The process of PPC is driven by both chemical kinetics and mixing process, and is, therefore, sensitive to inlet conditions and injection process. This article presents a control-oriented combustion and air-path model of a PPC multicy

Aβ deposition is associated with increases in soluble and phosphorylated tau that precede a positive Tau PET in Alzheimer's disease

The links between β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau in Alzheimer's disease are unclear. Cognitively unimpaired persons with signs of Aβ pathology had increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylated tau (P-tau181 and P-tau217) and total-tau (T-tau), which increased over time, despite no detection of insoluble tau aggregates [normal Tau positron emission tomography (PET)]. CSF P-tau and T-tau started to inc

Whole-genome analysis across 10 songbird families within Sylvioidea reveals a novel autosome-sex chromosome fusion

Sex chromosomes in birds have long been considered to be extremely stable. However, this notion has lately been challenged by findings of independent autosome-sex chromosome fusions within songbirds, several of which occur within a single clade, the superfamily Sylvioidea. To understand what ecological and evolutionary processes drive changes in sex chromosome systems, we need complete description

Oviposition pattern and behaviour of the pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer (Hymenoptera Diprionidae)

The potential role of oviposition deterrents in the egglaying behaviour of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy) females was studied by investigation of natural egg distribution, and by a laboratory study of potential oviposition deterrents. Pine shoots were sampled from different whorls on the sun-exposed and the shaded side of trees. More shoots with eggs from two or more females were found than would