This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the nature and evolution of rurallivelihood diversification in sub-Saharan Africa, and the situation regarding smallholders. It reveals mixedfindings about the causes and consequences of livelihood diversification on rural smallholders adopting thisstrategy. A lot of evidence from the literature suggests that it is relatively better

Income diversification is considered one of the important household strategies for securing rural livelihoods. We investigate its patterns and determinants using data on 1,747 farm households collected in 2007-2008 from six regions in rural Senegal and Kenya. The empirical investigation shows that the regional variation in income diversification does not follow any clear patterns, with push and pu

There are high hopes that livelihood diversification could contribute to goals of poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study uses household panel data collected in 2008 and 2013, combined with a mixed methodology to examine the regional and gender disparities, as well as the determinants of change in livelihood diversification in the regions of Nyeri and Kakamega in rural Kenya. The

Heterozygous inactivating mutations in ribosomal protein genes (RPGs) are associated with hematopoietic and developmental abnormalities, activation of p53, and altered risk of cancer in humans and model organisms. Here we performed a large-scale analysis of cancer genome data to examine the frequency and selective pressure of RPG lesions across human cancers. We found that hemizygous RPG deletions

The aim of this study was to investigate the global DNA-binding pattern of Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) in leukemic cells. Clinical and preclinical data indicate the zinc finger transcription factor WT1 as an oncogene, but the full target gene repertoire of WT1 in leukemic cells has not been previously characterized. The -KTS isoforms (excluding the three amino acid (KTS) insert between zinc finger t

The Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, large-scale proteomics/metabolomics/genomics, and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of 30,000 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years. Its main aims are to improve risk prediction and to optimize our ability to study mechanisms of cardiopulmonary diseases. SCAPIS

Background: Prognostic factors in patients with localized primary cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) are well described. However, prognostic factors for recurrence are less documented. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify prognostic risk factors for first recurrence in patients with localized stages I-II CMM using population-based data. Methods: This study included 1437 CMM patients r

What is the role of arthroscopic surgery in degenerative knee disease? An expert panel produced these recommendations based on a linked systematic review triggered by a randomised trial published in The BMJ in June 2016, which found that, among patients with a degenerative medial meniscus tear, knee arthroscopy was no better than exercise therapy. The panel make a strong recommendation against art

A novel sparse coding framework with unity range codes and the possibility to produce a discriminative dictionary is presented. The framework is, in contrast to many other works, able to handle unsupervised, supervised and semi-supervised settings. Furthermore, codes are constrained to be in unity range, which is beneficial in many scenarios. The paper presents the framework and solvers used to pr

This paper provides regional GDP estimates for the 24 Swedish regions (NUTS-3) for the benchmark year 1571 and for 11 ten-year benchmarks for the period 1750-1850. The 1571 estimates are based on tax sources and agricultural statistics. The 1750-1850 estimates are produced following the widely used methodology by Geary and Stark (2002): labour force figures from population censuses at regional lev

This article analyses new waves of cultural production in the late Soviet and post-Soviet period. It focuses on contemporary artists’ self-perception and self-positioning in the new realities of the postsocialist cultural realm and national awakening discourses. Independent contemporary artists of the post-Soviet period form new artistic movements, such as Punk Shamanism in Kazakhstan, to produce

Despite of having no explicit shape model, multi-atlas approaches to image segmentation have proved to be a top-performer for several diverse datasets and imaging modalities. In this paper, we show how one can directly incorporate shape regularization into the multi-atlas framework. Unlike traditional methods, our proposed approach does not rely on label fusion on the voxel level. Instead, each re

A method using optimal control results as input to operator assist systems, automatic functions and autonomous construction machine control is presented. This method complements the vast research within autonomy to achieve the most fuel efficient solution from results that are already available from concept evaluation and system optimization in early development. The optimal control results are va