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Introduction Receiving Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Denmark vaccine at birth has been associated with ∼40% reductions in all-cause neonatal mortality. We evaluated determinants of BCG skin reaction characteristics by age 2 months and tested the association with subsequent mortality. Methods Prospective observational study amalgamating five trials providing BCG-at-birth that were conducted between

In a joint experimental and theoretical study on metallic TbSi2 nanowires, we observe a continuous crossover from a two-dimensional (2D) to a quasi-one-dimensional (1D) electronic structure by reduction of the nanowire width. The nanowires were grown by self-organization on vicinal Si(111) substrates denoted by the Miller indices (hhk). Their electronic structure was analyzed by angle-resolved pho

This Letter describes a search for narrowly resonant new physics using a machine-learning anomaly detection procedure that does not rely on signal simulations for developing the analysis selection. Weakly supervised learning is used to train classifiers directly on data to enhance potential signals. The targeted topology is dijet events and the features used for machine learning are the masses of

Autoimmune hepatitis (AH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are autoimmune diseases (AIDs) targeting cellular components of the liver. Being rare diseases, limited data are available about familial risks among these AIDs (concordant) or between them and other AIDs (discordant). We aimed to carry out an unbiased study on these AIDs based on medically diagnosed patients. We collected data on patie

Drawing on the conceptualisation of motility as the capacity to be mobile, this paper employs statistical and GIS-based analyses to explore the associations between travel mode choice and mobility-related attitudes, skills and opportunities to access transport modes. The study builds on survey data and spatial data from three urban contexts of Beijing, Gothenburg and Malmo to analyse both individu

A combined two-levels control method has been developed and tested on a long term operation of a two-phases pilot-scale anaerobic process for the concurrent production of volatile fatty acids, hydrogen and methane. The latter was designed for the treatment of food waste of urban origin (namely, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste). The optimized control method was set on the base of the

Post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (post-IR IRSL or pIRIR) was applied to determine the age of the highest-elevated alluvial sediments in the Polish Outer Carpathians. These sediments are preserved on the western slope of the Dunajec River valley, and are located 150–155 m above the present-day river channel. So far, they have been interpreted as accumulated during the Praetiglian (2.5

Titeln på rapporten är ett svar av en socionom på frågan om hon har haft något stöd från arbetsgivaren under studietiden. Jag har under min tid som studierektor för masterprogrammet vid Socialhögskolan, Lunds universitet under perioden 2007 till 2014 ofta fått frågor kring nyttan av en magister eller masterexamen när det gäller yrkeslivet. Frågor som har varit besvärliga att direkt besvara och som

Noroviruses are the major cause for viral acute gastroenteritis in the world. Despite the existing infection prevention strategies in hospitals, the disease continues to spread and causes extensive and numerous outbreaks. Hence, there is a need to investigate the possibility of airborne transmission of norovirus. In this study, we developed an experimental setup for studies on the infectivity of a

In the eyeblink conditioning paradigm, cerebellar Purkinje cells learn to respond to the conditional stimulus with an adaptively timed pause in its spontaneous firing. Evidence suggests that the pause is elicited by glutamate released from parallel fibers and acting on metabotropic receptors (mGluR7) which initiates a delayed-onset suppression of firing. We suggested that G protein activation of h

The foraging activity of diurnal bees often relies on flower availability, light intensity and temperature. We do not know how nocturnal bees, which fly at night and twilight, cope with these factors, especially as light levels vary considerably from night to day and from night to night due to moon phase and cloud cover. Given that bee apposition compound eyes function at their limits in dim light

Circulating cell-free nuclear DNA (nDNA) has been implicated in individual cancer types with a diagnostic value; however, the role of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in cancers is controversial. We aimed to investigate and compare the diagnostic potential of both nDNA and mtDNA for multiple cancers and to investigate their ability to distinguish multiple cancers from healthy controls and from

Objectives: This study aimed to assess how transfers of clinical prediction models for early trauma care between different care contexts within a single health system affected mistriage rates. Study Design and Setting: Patients aged 15 years or older, registered between 2011 and 2016 in the Swedish national trauma registry, SweTrau, were included. Three data set groups were created: high- and low-

Helping others is a key feature of human behavior. However, recent studies render this feature not uniquely human, and describe discoveries of prosocial behavior in non-human primates, other social mammals, and most recently in some bird species. Nevertheless, the cognitive underpinnings of this prosociality; i.e., whether animals take others’ need for help into account, often remain obscured. In

It remains a big challenge to elongate one-dimensional (1D) semiconductor nanowires (NWs), which can be attractive platforms for miniaturizing and/or integrating macroscopic devices, into centimeter-scale length. Herein, we report the innovative preparation of single-crystalline III-nitride NWs, with unprecedented length above 2 cm and the aspect ratio above 6000, by graphically epitaxial lifting-

Senescence was recently linked to neurodegeneration and astrocytes are one of the major cell types to turn senescent under neurodegenerative conditions. Senescent astrocytes were detected in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients' brains besides reactive astrocytes, yet the difference between senescent and reactive astrocytes is unclear. We aimed to characterize senescent astrocytes in comparison to re