This paper explores the effects of co-payment price reduction to zero for prescribed pharmaceuticals on the volume of medicine consumed and the price elasticity for youths. Data was collected from two Swedish national registries on pharmaceutical consumption and municipality socioeconomic factors for groups of ages 17 and 19, from January 2013 to June 2018. I use a difference-in-difference strateg

Scarce research has been conducted on the moderating role of attentiveness in the effect of tDCS on cognitive performance. On the other hand, research on the impact of auditory noise on attention has generally demonstrated the detrimental effect of task-irrelevant noise on performance of cognitive tasks, yet has also neglected to explore the role of attentiveness in this relationship. Accordingly,

Till skillnad från effekter förknippat med övergödning och marin plast, är få medvetna om den negativa miljöpåverkan sandmuddring kan ha på de marina ekosystemen. Sandmuddring ger stora förluster i livsmiljö, förändringar i salthalt och ökad grumlighet vilket utgör ett potentiellt hot mot ett stort antal marina och bräckvatten arter. Ännu värre är det faktum att få människor vet att sandutvinning Unlike effects associated with eutrophication and marine plastics, few are aware of the negative environmental impacts sand dredging can have on marine ecosystems. Major habitat losses, changes in salinity and increased turbidity impose a potential threat to a large variety of marine and brackish species. Even worse is the fact that few people know that sand extraction currently is taking place wi

Purpose of this paper: The U.S. and European way of planning road-freight transport are different. These differences pose an interest of analyzing, assessing and evaluating. Transport planning in the U.S. is far more centralized and integrated than in the de-centralized inefficient European way. The aim of this paper is therefore to improve transport planning in Europe by analyzing the U.S. best-p

This thesis seeks to investigate whether the emerging right to democratic governance, as conceptualised by Thomas Franck, is of any use to the large numbers of migrants within and arriving to the EU. Focusing on Europe, it does this by assessing whether the right can be considered a human right, using the lens of universality and inalienability: it assesses whether migrants still have the right to

Mjölken som surnade Denna studie ämnar undersöka hur en organisation kan kriskommunicera på det sociala mediet Twitter, under en förtroendekris. Det bondeägda kooperativet Arla går på knäna i den rådande mjölkkrisen, trots det har det uppdagats att delar av Arlas organisation haft en osund kostnadskultur. SVTs Uppdrag granskning sände den 3 februari 2016 sitt tredje reportage kring Arla, vilket föThe soured milk The purpose of this study is to examine how an organization can crisis communicate on the social media channel Twitter during a crisis of confidence. The farmer-owned cooperative Arla is having financial trouble as the milk crisis have put a lot of the former Arla owners out of business. But in some parts of the organization, an unhealthy cost culture has been detected. On February

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vilken roll strategisk kommunikation har i arbetet att kommunicera klimatfrågan. Vidare intresserar vi oss mer specifikt för hur strategisk kommunikation kan användas för att överbrygga gapet mellan värdering och handling, det så kallade value-action gap. Kvalitativa intervjuer har genomförts med tio aktörer som arbetar med att kommunicera klimatfrågan i SverThis study aims to examine the role of strategic communication in today’s climate change communication. Furthermore, we attempt to understand the value of strategic communication more specifically in bridging the value-action gap. In order to accomplish this we have conducted qualitative interviews with ten Swedish organizations that specialize in climate change communication. The empirical materi

Konsekvenser av och attityder till nedskräpning i stadsmiljö Nedskräpningen som förekommer på gator, torgar och parker kostar för samhället, skadar vår hälsa, förstör vår miljö, bidrar till ökad nedskräpning och upplevs som otrevliga och otrygga områden av många människor. Att det är förbjudet att skräpa ned på offentliga platser ses som en självklarhet enligt lagstiftningen. Men resultatet av Attitudes towards littering A study of residents’ attitudes towards littering in public spaces in Malmö city All forms of littering are considered a crime according to the chapter 15 § 30 of the Swedish Environmental Code. Still, littering is considered an increasing rather than a decreasing phenomenon. The results of littering are not just esthetical nuisance and increased street cleaning costs b

This study aims to examine the effects of oil price shocks on the overall trade- and the non-oil trade balances for ten oil-importing Euro area countries. Theory suggests that the effects from an oil price shock on the oil component of the trade balance for oil importers is negative, but that the effect on the non-oil component is positive. Thus, the effect on the overall trade balance is ambiguou

Den mytomspunna energin El och energi finns ständigt omkring oss. Men vem eller vilka aktörer som står för denna samhälleliga funktion är något vi sällan reflekterar över i vår accelererande samtid. Energimarknaden är avreglerad i Sverige sedan år 1996, vilket medfört nya förutsättningar för kommunala energibolag. Detta ställer krav på aktörernas varumärkeskommunikation för att tilltala kunder, saThe mythical energy Electricity and energy are constantly surrounding us. However, the brands who provide these products are something we seldom reflect upon within our accelerating society. The Swedish energy market has been deregulated since year 1996, which has led to new conditions for public energy brands. As a result, branding efforts are required in order to appeal to customers, which is di

Till skillnad från andra immateriella rättigheter är i princip det varumärkesrättsliga skyddet inte tidsbegränsat. Detta medför att företag, istället för eller som ett komplement till patent eller mönsterskydd, kan se en möjlighet i att söka varumärkesregistrering för funktionell respektive estetisk design. Därför finns det i varumärkeslagstiftningen absoluta registreringshinder vilka innefattar aUnlike other Intellectual Property Rights, trademark law does not have any time restrictions concerning protection possibilities. This constitutes companies to apply for trademark protection for functional or aesthetical designs instead of, or as a supplement to, patent and design protection. Therefore, there are absolute grounds for refusal that include that a sign with either a technical result

The purpose of this study is to investigate the driving forces towards second-hand shopping for clothing. Though literature on this topic already exists, there is still room for further examination, especially when adding other perspectives to it. Therefore, this project is especially concerned with gaining a deeper understanding of the underlying motivations for shopping second-hand, looking into

Allt fler organisationer med en house of brands arkitektur, vilket kännetecknas av att företagsvarumärket döljs bakom flertalet olika fristående, välkända produktvarumärken, har på senare tid lagt ner stora resurser på att kommunicera det övergripande företagsvarumärket. Således kan ett skifte och en ny trend identifieras i hur organisationer med denna struktur interagerar med sin marknad. Denna sToday, more and more organisations with a house of brands architecture, characterized by a strong company brand and several independent, well-known product brands, are using a large amount of resources on communicating the company brand. This development indicates a shift in how organisations with this architecture operates on the market. This study aims to examine how organisations use branding s

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur individer som i sin yrkesroll arbetar med flyktingar tenderar att uppleva medkänsletillfredsställelse, utbrändhet och sekundär traumatisk stress. En kvantitativ enkätstudie utformades baserad på frågeformuläret ProQOL version 5. Formuläret mäter professionell livskvalitet hos individer som arbetar i hjälpande yrken. Till mätinstrumentet adderades demog

Denna uppsats syfte är att undersöka relationen mellan oljepriset och europeiska gröna energibolags aktiepriser för att således utgöra ett underlag för investerare och beslutsfattare. Metoden denna uppsats bygger på är en kvantitativ studie. Genom att skapa ett index för europeiska gröna energibolag undersöks relationen mellan deras pris och priset på Brent råolja. Detta genomförs med hjälp av oli

This report evaluates personal safety during evacuation of the arcade Gallerian, Västerås, in case of fire. The report focuses on evacuation through Gallerian’s main paths. During a visit to the arcade potential fire scenarios and current fire protection systems were identified, and a survey was handed out to some of the staff members. The results from the survey concluded that some of the staff w

Femtosecond pulse shaping is a versatile tool that enables the generation of ultrashort laser pulses with nearly arbitrary temporal shapes. Among others, the technique is of use in ultrafast spectroscopy experiments where it can be employed for dispersion control and the generation of well-defined laser pulse sequences. In this work, a Fourier-transform pulse shaper based on a pixelated liquid crys

This master’s thesis is a discourse analysis of a media debate, which mainly took place in the summer of 2015, concerning disturbing situations caused by patrons in public libraries. In the early stages of the debate a lot of attention was spent on defining the patrons causing violent and threatening situations towards librarians and other patrons. Soon the media debate also came to focus on what

In this thesis, a holographic model for quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is used to estimate the electromagnetic contribution to the kaon mass difference. The principal ideas of the model are inspired by the AdS/CFT correspondence, which is believed to be exact. The calculation is first performed theoretically, highlighting the expansion of the result into a diagrammatic structure referred to as Witte