Studies using satellite sensor-derived data as input to models for CO2 exchange show promising results for closed forest stands. There is a need for extending this approach to other land cover types, in order to carry out large-scale monitoring of CO2 exchange. In this study, three years of eddy covariance data from two peatlands in Sweden were averaged for 16-day composite periods and related to

Practically all natural daytime light at the Earth’s surface originates in the Sun. The fluence rate, as well as spectral and directional distributions are modified by the gases, clouds and aerosols in the atmosphere in a way which depends on time and place, and also by vegetation, snow, and other ground-cover. A special section in this chapter is devoted to ultraviolet radiation.

BACKGROUND: Histamine is thought to play a central role in the regulation of gastric acid secretion. In the rat oxyntic mucosa most of the histamine is synthesized and stored in enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, and the rest resides in mast cells. The present study examines the role of ECL-cell histamine in the control of acid secretion in the intact, conscious rat. METHODS: Rats were treated wit

This chapter investigates the tension between mass production and individual well-being, and how the actors who have positioned themselves in this market attract customers and meet their needs. In order to approach these questions, it is grounded in empirical material gathered from two specific spas and the cultural context in which they operate: Varberg Kurort Hotel & Spa and Hasseludden Conf

The aim of this paper is to provide a cohesive categorisation of the most common sustainability assessment tools within the broader objective of lifting the understanding of tools from the environmentally-focused realm to that of the wider concept of sustainability. The framework provided is based on four main categories: indicators/indices, regional material and energy flows, life cycle approach

Christianity is commonly held to have introduced an entirely new and better morality into the ancient world, a new morality that was decidedly universal, in contrast to the ethics of the philosophical schools which were only concerned with the intellectual few. Runar M. Thorsteinsson presents a challenge to this view by comparing Christian morality in first-century Rome with contemporary Stoic eth

We present the growth of homogeneous InAs1-xPx nanowires as well as InAs1-xPx heterostructure segments in InAs nanowires with P concentrations varying from 22% to 100%. The incorporation of P has been studied as a function of TBP/TBAs ratio, temperature, and diameter of the wires. The crystal structure of the InAs as well as the InAs1-xPx segments were found to be wurtzite as determined from high-

This chapter deals with Italian Barnabites and German Jesuits working as missionaries in the Nordic countries and the ideals of clerical masculinity that they represented. The Barnabites were important in the initial phase of the Catholic missionary activity in the 1860s and 1870s, whereas the Jesuits, ostensibly the most fervent defenders of ultramontane confessionalism, held a dominant position

The incidence of lymphoedema of the arm after mastectomy ranges between 8% and 38%, and it is an appreciable problem from both functional and social aspects. Conservative and previous surgical regimens have not been completely successful. In the light of these experiences, liposuction clearly constitutes an interesting new surgical approach, which is potentially capable of effecting predictable an

Background Positivism is sometimes rejected for the wrong reasons. Influential textbooks on nursing research and in other disciplines tend to reinforce the misconceptions underlying these rejections. This is problematic, since it provides students of these disciplines with a poor basis for making epistemological and methodological decisions. It is particularly common for positivist views on realit

Various papers described mesh morphing techniques for computational biomechanics, but none of them provided a quantitative assessment of generality, robustness, automation, and accuracy in predicting strains. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the performance of a novel mesh-morphing algorithm. A mesh-morphing algorithm based on radial-basis functions and on manual selection of correspondi

Filoviruses belong to the group of nonsegmented, negative-sense (NNS) RNA viruses and are members of the order Mononegavirales along with the rhabdo-, paramyxo-, nyami-, and bornaviruses. Mononegaviruses share a general mechanism to replicate and transcribe their genomes, reflected in functionally homologous proteins and a similar genome structure. Although basic mechanisms are similar between rha

Accompanying realisations that engagement of multiple societal sectors (academia, industry, government, citizenry) and disciplines is required for formulating effective responses to complex sustainability challenges, calls for new forms of knowledge production are increasing in magnitude, both inside and outside the university. In parallel, experiences from the United Nations Decade of Education f