The illusion of totality: a critical discourse analysis on the identity of Japanese bureaucrats inside and outside of the ministries
The collective identity is subject to permanent negotiation. Due to the lack of incentive to offer public statements, the collective identity of Japanese bureaucrats (or kanryo, 官僚) has been constructed separately inside and outside of the ministries. This paper explores how the collective identity of kanryo has been constructed in two Japanese national newspapers as outsider discourses using stru