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Intracellular and interstitial expression of Helicobacter pylori virulence genes in gastric precancerous intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma

Gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric cancer are associated with Helicobacter pylori, but the bacterium often is undetectable in these lesions. To unravel this apparent paradox, IM, H. pylori presence, and the expression of H. pylori virulence genes were quantified concurrently using histologic testing, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. H. pylori was detected inside metapla

High-spin Spectroscopy of 63Ga and 65Ga

High-spin states in the nuclei Ga-63 and Ga-65 were studied following the reaction S-32 + Ca-40 at a reaction energy of 125 MeV and using the GASP gamma -ray spectrometer in combination with the ISIS charged-particle detector system. In addition to low-lying negative-parity states with single-particle character, rotational-like cascades built on the 9/2(+) and 19/2(-) states have been observed in

Genetic diversity and population structure of the range restricted rock firefinch Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis

Understanding the degree of genetic population differentiation is important in conservation genetics for inferring gene flow between populations and for identifying small and isolated threatened populations. We evaluated the genetic variation within and between three populations of the rock firefinch (Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis), a range restricted firefinch endemic to Nigeria and Cameroon. The

A New Look at Drugs Targeting Malignant Melanoma – An Application for Mass Spectrometry Imaging

Malignant melanoma (MM) patients are being treated with an increasing number of personalized medicine (PM) drugs, several of which are small molecule drugs developed to treat patients with specific disease genotypes and phenotypes. In particular, the clinical application of protein kinase inhibitors (PKI) has been highly effective for certain subsets of MM patients. Vemurafenib, a PKI targeting BR

General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) - integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

In this paper we describe and summarize the main achievements of the European Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality Interactions project (EUCAARI). EUCAARI started on 1 January 2007 and ended on 31 December 2010 leaving a rich legacy including: (a) a comprehensive database with a year of observations of the physical, chemical and optical properties of aerosol particles over Europe, (b) comprehensi

Fitting-Attitude Analyses: The Dual-Reason Analysis Revisited

Classical fitting-attitude analyses understand value in terms of its being fitting, or more generally, there being a reason to favour the bearer of value. Recently such analyses have been interpreted as referring to two reason-notions rather than to only one. The idea is that the properties of the object provide reason not only for a certain kind of favouring(s) vis-à-vis the object, but the very

High-energy breakfast with low-energy dinner decreases overall daily hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomised clinical trial

Aims/hypothesis High-energy breakfast and reduced-energy dinner (Bdiet) significantly reduces postprandial glycaemia in obese non-diabetic individuals. Our objective was to test whether this meal schedule reduces postprandial hyperglycaemia (PPHG) in patients with type 2 diabetes by enhancing incretin and insulin levels when compared with high-energy dinner and reduced-energy breakfast (Ddiet). Me

Hypertension in the Elderly: What Is the Goal Blood Pressure Target and How Can This Be Attained?

For the aging populations of Europe, many emerging health problems in addition to myocardial infarction and stroke are associated with hypertension. Recently, the role of hypertension in the risk of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia has been highlighted, and there are studies to show that control of hypertension may slow this process. Furthermore, as many elderly individuals will also dev

Comparative proteomic analysis of hyphae and germinating cysts of Phytophthora pisi and Phytophthora sojae.

The recently described oomycete pathogen Phytophthora pisi causes root rot on pea and faba bean, while the closely related Phytophthora sojae is the causal agent of soybean root and stem rot. Differences in the pathogenicity factor repertoires that enable the two species to have distinct host specificity towards pea and soybean, were studied using tandem mass spectrometry in a global proteome stud

III-V Nanowire Synthesis by Use of Electrodeposited Gold Particles.

Semiconductor nanowires are great candidates for building novel electronic devices. Considering the cost of fabricating such devices, substrate reuse and gold consumption are the main concerns. Here we report on implementation of high throughput gold electrodeposition for selective deposition of metal seed particles in arrays defined by lithography for nanowire synthesis. By use of this method, a

Earth System Governance in Africa: knowledge and capacity needs

Traditional approaches for understanding environmental governance - such as environmental policy analysis or natural resources management - do not adequately address the gamut of human-natural system interactions within the context of the complex biogeophysical cycles and processes of the planet. This is perhaps more so in the African regional context where the complex relationships between modern

A significant component of ageing (DNA damage) is reflected in fading breeding colors: an experimental test using innate antioxidant mimetics in painted dragon lizards

A decade ahead of their time, von Schantz et al. united sexual selection and free radical biology by identifying causal links between deep-rooted physiological processes that dictate resistance to toxic waste from oxidative metabolism (reactive oxygen species, ROS), and phenotypic traits, such as ornaments. Ten years later, these ideas have still only been tested with indirect estimates of free ra

A theoretical study of diffusional transport over the alveolar surfactant layer.

In this communication, we analyse the passage of oxygen and carbon dioxide over the respiratory membrane. The lung surfactant membrane at the alveolar interface can have a very special arrangement, which affects the diffusional transport. We present a theoretical model for the diffusion of small molecules in membranes with a complex structure, and we specifically compare a membrane composed of a t

SDI planning using the system dynamics technique within a community of practice: lessons learnt from Tanzania

There exist major challenges in accelerating the spatial data infrastructure (SDI) planning process in the developing countries as well as advocating for politicians to support the development of SDI, due to the high complexity of SDI, lack of knowledge and experience, and limited insight in the benefits. To address these challenges, a methodology for SDI planning in Tanzania, based on the system

A cathodoluminescence study of the influence of the seed particle preparation method on the optical properties of GaAs nanowires.

Cathodoluminescence at 8 K is used to compare the optical properties of AlGaAs-capped GaAs nanowires, grown by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy and seeded by gold particles prepared by different methods. Six different methods were used to fabricate and deposit gold seed particles onto GaAs substrates: colloid particles, aerosol particles and particles defined by electron beam lithography. The na

Order-Disorder Transition of Nonionic Onions under Shear Flow

We have investigated the shear-induced ordering of multilamellar vesicles (onions) in a nonionic surfactant (C12E4) system using a small-angle light scattering (shear-SALS) and a small-angle X-ray scattering (shear-SAXS) technique. In a narrow shear rate-temperature space, the onions form a two-dimensional (2D) hexagonally close-packed structure that shows characteristic hexagonal scattering patte

Long-term prognosis of early-onset breast cancer in a population-based cohort with a known BRCA1/2 mutation status.

All women in the South Sweden Health Care Region with breast cancer diagnosed aged less than 41 during the period between 1990 and 1995 were contacted in 1996 and offered germline mutation analysis of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Mutation carriers (n = 20) were compared with noncarriers (n = 201) for overall survival (OS) and risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC). Mutation carriers were younger