The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the impact of credit ratings on European firms’ capital structure decisions based on the premise of Darren Kisgen’s Credit Ratings–Capital Structure (CR-CS) hypothesis: that firms face discrete costs (benefits) associated with differences in credit rating levels. This project's empirical investigations are based on historical data from Stand

This paper investigates the relationship between high frequency trading (HFT) activity and stock market volatility on the Nordic stock markets. The study utilizes a unique dataset that provides a proxy of the fraction of the total market turnover in which HFT firms were involved in the time period from March 2010 to March 2012. The study finds strong evidence for a positive contemporaneous relatio

Pion photo production from the nucleon is an important process utilized to understand the structure of the nucleon and the fundamental dynamics of the nucleon system. The neutral pion production has been extensively studied resulting in valuable data sets. However, much less data is available for charged pion photo production at energies below 200 MeV. In order to get a reliable data set for π+, f

The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether the yield curve has the ability to predict real future economic activity in sixteen separate countries. The secondary purpose is to determine whether adding non-monetary variables to the model increases the predictive power of the forecast model. As a first step, basic OLS regressions are conducted. Both the yield spreads and the yield spre

Studien syftar till att visa på metoder och perspektiv som på ett tillfredställande sätt beskriver musiklärarens väg till yrket och sin praxis. Två olika metoder för insamling av data används i studien, intervjuer och självbiografier. Studiens syfte är att visa hur man kan beskriva lärares väg till yrket och dess yrkespraxis genom en rad olika begrepp t.ex. kontextualisering, socialisation, folkliTo describe the music teacher's practice - a qualitative study of three music teachers' attitudes towards the profession and descriptions of practice In the following study two methods are being used to collect data, self biography and interviews. The purpose of this study is to show how it is possible to describe a teacher's practice through different terms. I also introduce a term in

The purpose of this examination essay is to focus at the KrAmi Helsingborg project and their work during the years of 2009, 2010 and 2011. We aim to illuminate KrAmi and its main work, to help former criminals to find a job or start to study. KrAmi Helsingborg did not reach the goal the year of 2009 and we also aim to understand why this happened. The method being used is three qualitative intervi

The primary purpose of this study is to determine the applicability of performance benchmarking of the Nordic companies in the maritime industry. The developments in world seaborne trade mirrored the performance of the wider economy, with the maritime industry as a whole stands and falls with worldwide macroeconomic conditions. We argue that with firm specificity, every firm is exposed to differen

Uppsatsen berör hur den interna kommunikationen samt informationsutbytet inom organisationer påverkas när man använder sociala funktioner på intranäten. Genom att studera Malmö stad och det sociala intranätet Komin har vi samlat in empiriskt material till underlag för analysen. Den kvalitativa empirin samlades in via intervjuer och den kvantitativa via en enkätundersökning. Undersökningen har geno

This paper looks at the potential economic outcomes of Germany’s Anti- Nuclear policies, especially the policies of the early 2000’s and those made in 2011 in the wake of the Japanese nuclear disaster at Fukushima, in which research and development (R&D) funding has been increasingly shifted away from the nuclear sector. This paper discusses the German case after it is established through theo

Scientific summary There is a bidirectional relation between climate and vegetation distribution at local as well as global scale. Changes in climate pattern modify the terrestrial vegetation distribution that in turn affects the climate system by altering the balance of radiation, water, momentum, CO2 and other important atmospheric gases. The large-scale changes in vegetation structure and compo

In Sweden, the tramway was introduced in the late 19th century as horse tramways. Entrepreneurs around the country saw advantages of the new mean of transport which, due to low frictional resistance could transport a large amount of passengers with low traction force. In the beginning of the 20th century the horses were replaced by electric motors and the tramway spread to more cities. The entry o

Mer och mer arbete utförs av datorer i dagens samhälle vilket har lett till att fler och fler datorsystem har utvecklats. Detta i sin tur har lett till ett behov av att kunna integrera datorsystem med varandra och därigenom kunna samköra och automatisera uppgifter i de olika datorsystemen. Examensarbetet ingår i ett projekt som drivs av Lunds kommuns kommunikationsavdelning där skolsystemen Live@e

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and try to reduce thermal bridges in Skanska's standard building components. Thermal bridges occur when an inferior insulating material breaks through better insulated. You then get an increased energy loss in these areas compared to the rest of the particular building part. In addition to increased energy loss, thermal bridges can also give rise to poo

The energy issue has in recent years become a hot topic around the world. Discussions about how to reduce the greenhouse gases in a sustainable manner have been raised. Given that this is an emerging problem, and that many people lack knowledge regarding this subject, it is about time that they get the information needed to be able to contribute in some way. In general, the building sector represe

Uppsatsen behandlar dokumentation och kommunikation i scrumprojekt samt behovet av ökad dokumentation i dessa projekt. Det finns ett högt dokumentationskrav vid traditionell projektledning vilket inte existerar i scrummetoden. Vi analyserar därför om den verbala kommunikationen kan ersätta dokumentation. För empirin genomförs sex kvalitativa intervjuer på fyra olika roller med projektledarstatus

The aim of realistic graphics is the creation of images that provide the same visual responses that a viewer would experience in a real world scene. There are different rendering techniques that produce high dynamic range images that capture the full intensity range of a scene. These images cannot be reproduced on a standard display due to limitations in device hardware. Therefore, a high dynamic

I uppsatsen behandlar författaren de rekvisit som skall vara uppfyllda för att FN skall kunna hållas internationellt ansvarig för nationella truppers agerande i internationella militära insatser auktoriserade av säkerhetsrådet. Under 2011 antog the International Law Commission 67 provisoriska artiklar gällande internationella organisationers internationella ansvar, och ett av syftena med uppsatsenIn the thesis, the author deals with the prerequisites required for the United Nations to be held responsible for the conduct of contributed national forces in an international military operation authorized by the Security Council. In 2011, the International Law Commission adopted 67 draft articles on the responsibility of international organizations, and one of the intentions of the author is to

Denna artikel undersöker bolånemarginalen på den svenska marknaden från 1985-2011. Artikeln studerar sammanlagt elva faktorer som enligt den presenterade teorin förväntas påverka bolånemarginalen. Faktorerna är sedan uppdelade på sex stycken bankspecifika variabler och fem stycken makrovariabler. Ingen av de utvalda variablerna visade sig statistiskt signifikant för alla banker samtidigt även om i

Syfte: Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats är att beskriva och analysera goodwillnedskrivningar i samband med finanskrisen samt goodwillpostens utveckling för de företag som är noterade på Stockholmsbörsens Large Cap-lista under 2006 till 2011. Metod: Utifrån positivism har observationer i anslutning till redan existerande teorier gjorts. Först och främst har vi jobbat efter en kvantitativ forskning