The interaction between the nonionic polymer poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) of molecular weight 20 000 and surfactants of various types [sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide, octyl beta-D-glucoside, and potassium laurate] has been investigated in an aqueous solution at 25 degreesC by H-1 NMR pulsed-gradient spin-echo self-diffusion techniques. The SDS/PEO study was further c

The protein C system provides important control of blood coagulation by regulating the activities of factor VIIIa (FVIIIa) and factor Va(FVa), cofactors in the activation of factor X and prothrombin, respectively. The system comprises membrane-bound and circulating proteins that assemble into multi-molecular complexes on cell surfaces. Vitamin K-dependent protein C, the key component of the system

Objective. To evaluate if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to conventional radiography for detection of erosions in the fifth metatarsophalangeal (MTP5) joint. Methods. Within one year from the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (baseline), one and three years thereafter MRI and conventional radiographs of the MTP5 joint were performed in 23 patients. Results. MRI revealed erosions in

We use a linear autoregressive model to describe the movement of a soil-living insect, Protaphorura armata (Collembola). Models of this kind can be viewed as extensions of a random walk, but unlike a correlated random walk, in which the speed and turning angles are independent, our model identifies and expresses the correlations between the turning angles and a variable speed. Our model uses data

To examine a putative role for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in early vertebrate development we investigated nNOS mRNA expression and cGMP production during development of the zebrafish Danio rerio. The nNOS mRNA expression in the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery showed a distinct spatio-temporal pattern in developing zebrafish embryo and young larvae. nNOS mRNA expression was fi

The maximum concentration of water-insoluble solids (WIS) in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is restricted due to inhibition of the enzymes and the yeast, as well as mass transport problems caused by the viscosity of the pretreated material. However, the higher the concentration of WIS during SSF the less energy is needed in the subsequent distillation and evaporation steps. I

This paper shows how discontinuities in the process of drug delivery enable but also underdetermine the isolation of a culprit in adverse medication events. A case example illustrates how we are forced to abandon conceptualizations of blame that assume a dichotomy (either culpable or not), and shift instead to a more nuanced version that estimates the degree to which an actor desired, generated, o

A procedure for evaluating depletion of snow covered area (SCA) using mean air temperature has been outlined and tested. Because depletion of snow is a cumulative effect of climatic conditions in and around snow cover area, the cumulative mean temperature (CTM) at a nearby station should represent depletion of SCA. The study was carried out for Satluj basin (22,305 km(2)) located in the western Hi

Background: Activated mast cells can produce and release a number of inflammatory mediators involved in the pathophysiological process of acute conditions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mast cell stimulation on the early development of multiple organ dysfunction (MODS) in acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods: AP was induced by the intraductal infusion of 5% sodium taurodeoxycholat

We present results from an investigation of relative sea-level changes in the Qaqortoq area in south Greenland from c. 11 000 cal. yr BP to the present. Isolation and transgression sequences from six lakes and two tidal basins have been identified using stratigraphical analyses, magnetic susceptibility, XRF and macrofossil analyses. Macrofossils and bulk sediments have been dated by AMS radiocarbo

Histamine-producing ECL cells and ghrelin-producing A-like cells are endocrine/paracrine cell populations in the acid-producing part of the rat stomach. While the A-like cells operate independently of gastrin, the ECL cells respond to gastrin with mobilization of histamine and chromogranin A (CGA)-derived peptides, such as pancreastatin. Gastrin is often assumed to be the driving force behind the

The desulphurization of synthesis gas with zinc ferrite was studied in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor. Desulphurization efficiency of 97-99% was obtained. The inlet hydrogen sulphide concentration was about-2600 ppm. A flat breakthrough curve showed that diffusion through the sulphide layer controlled the rate of sulphidization. The degrees of utilization varied between 5 and 11%. Experiment

1. Using data from a 9-year study of the great reed warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus L. carried out in Sweden, I tested the main assumption of the polygyny threshold model (that there is a cost of polygyny) and the main prediction (that this cost is compensated for). The main question was whether a female that chose a mated male (secondary females) experienced the same fitness as a female that at

The bacteriocin, sakacin P was produced by the bacteriocin-producing strain Lactobacillus sakei CCUG 42687 at 20 degrees C without pH control. The bacteriocin was captured directly from the fermentation broth using macroporous octyl- and phenyl-monolith columns. The large size of the interconnected macropores (up to 100 mu m) in the macroporous monolith allowed for direct fermentation broth proces

Periodically forced oscillators are among the simplest dynamical systems capable to display chaos. They can be described by the variables position and velocity, together with the phase of the force. Their phase-space corresponds therefore to R-2 x S-1. The organization of the periodic orbits can be displayed with braids having only positive crossings. Topological characterization of dynamical syst