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The proximity between the ions results in large interactions and potentially allows fast gates, but they can still be separately addressed since different ions have different optical resonance frequency. The interaction that enables multi-qubit gates can be turned on at will and is based on that the permanent dipole moment changes as a control ion is transferred to the optically excited state whic

On the logical phrase "quod erat demonstrandum" and its application in the history of geometry, philosophy and science.

The first and largely experimental part of a research program on flammability characteristics of upholstered furniture has been completed with full-scale tests in an extensively instrumented burn-out room as main element. The results indicate that fire response parameters vary within a large range with choice of filling, interlining and fabric material. Selection of performance criteria may cause

The present thesis addresses three issues related to proteinaceous films at solid/liquid interfaces: adsorption, lubrication and enzymatic interactions. Most of the work has been devoted to oral systems. In addition, gelatin has been investigated as a model protein. Salivary protein adsorption from human whole saliva (HWS) onto hydroxyapatite (HA) and silica has been characterised using ellipsome

Models for materials with nonlinear electromagnetic response are examined. Three simple physical causes for nonlinear behavior are presented: electronic polarization, molecular direction and electrostriction. Some introductory results and approximations for nonlinear, dispersive media are given, such as the phase-matching criterion, Miller's rule, the Born approximation and the slowly varying ampl

Popular Abstract in Swedish POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING IMMUNFÖRSVARET OCH KOMPLEMENTSYSTEMET Till skydd mot infektioner har människan sitt immunförsvar. Här ingår till exempel vita blodkroppar och en mängd olika proteiner. En viktig grupp av proteiner kallas för komplementsystemet, vilket består av ca 30 proteiner som kan angripa bakterier och andra oönskade partiklar och delta i för-störThe ability of many pathogenic microorganisms to cause infection is dependent on their ability to evade attack by the complement system of the host. One mechanism by which microorganisms may avoid complement attack is to bind complement inhibitory molecules present in the host. This thesis describes studies of the complement inhibitor C4BP and of inter-actions between C4BP and the human pathogen

Hard X-rays are generated by focusing 110 fs laser pulses with intensities of about 10¹⁷ W·cm^-2 onto solid metal targets. Characteristic properties of this X-ray source are the small source size, the short pulse duration and the high peak flux. The aim of the present work was to characterise this X-ray source and to demonstrate possible applications. A comparison with other X

In all calculations done in this thesis, the evaluation of higher order quantum corrections has been central. In the first paper included in this thesis we have investigated the effects of finite volume meson propagators for quark-antiquark vacuum expectation value at two-loop level. In the second paper we have improved the earlier calculations for the eta decay to three pions by implementing two-