In this volume we discuss theory, evidence, and policy perspectives concerning the use of public technology procurement as an instrument of innovation policy. Public technology procurement (as defined in Chapter 1, part 1), occurs when a public agency places an order for a product or system that does not yet exist, requiring technological innovation for the order to be met.

Part II of this volume, because of both its size (by far the greatest part of this book) and the central importance to our work of empirical evidence, merits its own introduction. We provide this in the form of the present Overview of Case Studies.

The study of the strength and behavior of the antikaon-nucleon (K[over ¯]N) interaction constitutes one of the key focuses of the strangeness sector in low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this Letter a unique high-precision measurement of the strong interaction between kaons and protons, close and above the kinematic threshold, is presented. The femtoscopic measurements of the correlation

n the Overview beginning Part II of this book, we discussed our selection of cases in relation to theory, concepts, and policies. We also discussed making analytical generalisations from a theoretically based sample of comparable cases. Now, after reviewing relevant theoretical, conceptual and policy issues in Part I of this book, and presenting a series of empirical case studies in Part II, we tu

Our investigation and analysis of public technology procurement has demonstrated that, as argued in Chapter 1 of this book, it is a concept with salient features. These distinguish it from other types of public procurement. With this particular type of procurement, policy makers are faced with new challenges. The reasons pursuing for public technology procurement, and consequently its processes an

: A holistic innovation policy is defined in this article as a policy that integrates all public actions that influence or may influence innovation processes. The Swedish National Innovation Council (NIC) was created by the Swedish Prime Minister, Stefan Löfven, in February 2015. It is personally chaired by the Prime Minister, which is unusual for similar councils in other countries. Another atypi

This paper attempts to measure the size of South-South foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing East Asia and the trends in it, and the characteristics of the investing countries and the investments themselves. It also summarizes the findings of studies in individual countries of the effects of these investments. The studies of individual countries will be used to try to find some consensus o

Background: Pancreatic cancer has the lowest survival rate among all the major cancer types. Although recent decades have seen advances in diagnostic imaging, surgical techniques, perioperative care and oncological treatment, this has not been translated into major improvements in clinical outcome. The 5-year survival rate remains less than 10% for all stages. One important unmet clinical need is

Aberrant stem cell-like gene regulatory networks are a feature of leukaemogenesis. The ETS-related gene (ERG), an important regulator of normal haematopoiesis, is also highly expressed in T-ALL and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, the transcriptional regulation of ERG in leukaemic cells remains poorly understood. In order to discover transcriptional regulators of ERG, we employed a quantita

As the global power generation is shifted toward renewable and intermittent sources, the importance of fuel cells and other energy storage and conversion devices is continually increasing. However, many of these technologies are still under development and further research is necessary before they can be implemented. This is the case for the hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell (HEMFC), which has

Non-coagulating (NC) milk is unwanted in cheese production, as it lowers cheese yield and prolongs processing time. Less yield will lead to economic losses at the dairies. Even if NC milk has been found in several breeds, studies suggest that Swedish Red Dairy cattle (RDC) has a higher frequency of NC milk than most other breeds. In order to strengthen the competitiveness of Swedish RDC and ensure

Interactions between cortical areas were studied during the search for verbal associations and reading of words. The functional anatomy and the sequence of involvement of cortical areas during the solution of these tasks have been described previously, in studies using positron emission tomography and multichannel recordings of evoked potentials combined with identification of the locations of dip

Cortical connectivity was studied in tasks of generating the use of words in comparison with reading aloud the same words. These tasks were used earlier in PET and high-density ERP recording studies, which described both the functional anatomy and time course of involvement of cortical areas in word processing. We developed a new method for studying the synchrony of EEG spectral components within

Spectral EEG powers were compared in 4 frequency ranges (8-13, 15-25, 25-35, and 35-45 Hz) in a group of 20 subjects during the performance of tasks requiring mental rotation of two- and three-dimensional objects. Only those EEG segments corresponding to tasks with identical solution times were analyzed. The spectral powers of oscillations in the alpha range were higher in control conditions than

Reflection in EEG parameters of the process of solving two types of mental tasks, i.e. spatial-imaginary and verbal-logical, was investigated in nine test-subjects. Mental efforts were found to specify EEG spatiofrequency patterns depending on the task type and subject's identity. These patterns were unique and reproducible enough to enable identification of this or the other type of mental task w