In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Peruzzotti-Jametti et al. (2018) demonstrate how neural stem cells, transplanted in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, respond to extracellular succinate and modulate neuroinflammation by releasing anti-inflammatory prostaglandin E2 and scavenging succinate. This mechanism reduces CNS damage and ameliorates motor impairment. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Peruz

Background: Norovirus is frequently introduced to the hospital and is a frequent cause of hospital outbreaks. Recognition of the factors that facilitate or impede norovirus transmission is an important step to effectively prevent hospital outbreaks. Aim: To investigate risk factors for norovirus outbreaks in hospital settings. Methods: Clinical data, ward setting, and norovirus genotype were colle

Objective: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in adolescence is associated with increased risk of future osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study was to study clinical and radiographic risk factors for early cartilage degeneration after SCFE. Design: 22 patients (44 hips) (mean age 24 years, range 18-27) treated with in situ fixation (The Hansson hook-pin) for stable SCFE on average 11

The aim of the chapter is to give a brief overview of the development of legal aid in civil cases in Iceland. The current law, which came into force in 1992, allows for legal aid to be granted not only on the basis of low economic status, but also if the outcome of the case is deemed to have great public or individual significance. The latter criterion, however, remains contested, seemingly as a m

Two approximation methods are presented for fast calculations of the monostatic scattering from axially symmetric scatterers coated with electromagnetic absorbers. The methods are designed for plane wave illumination parallel to the axis of rotation of the scatterer. The first method is based on simulating the scattering of a perfect electric conductor (PEC) enclosing the absorber coated scatterer

Naturalistic studies can potentially be used to detect accidents of vulnerable road users and thus overcome the large degree of under-reporting in the official accident records. In this study, simulated cycling and walking accidents were performed by a stuntman and with a crash test dummy to test how they differ from each other and the potential implications of using simulated accidents as an alte

Migration policies can have a strong impact on the selection of immigrants, who in turn can affect the host country’s innovation development. This paper examines the effects of the liberalization of migration on the skill composition of immigrants from the EU-15 to Sweden after the inception of the European Economic Area (EEA) in 1994. We examine its effect on immigrants’ education levels and prob

Changes in the vascular plant flora of Skåne after the latest published flora (Tyler et al. 2007) until 2015 are reported. 256 taxa are new, and 13 taxa that are new or were earlier regarded as ephemeral, are now regarded as resident. Localities of new taxa and of taxa which had 1–3 localities reported in the previous flora are also included. Redeterminations are included as well as a few cases ofChanges in the vascular plant flora of Skåne after the latest published flora (Tyler et al. 2007) until 2015 are reported. 256 taxa are new, and 13 taxa that are new or were earlier regarded as ephemeral, are now regarded as resident. Localities of new taxa and of taxa which had 1–3 localities reported in the previous flora are also included. Redeterminations are included as well as a few cases of

Background: Data commentary, in-text comments on the visual presentation of data, is acknowledged as a central aspect of academic writing in many engineering disciplines. At the same time, it is a feature that it has been shown to be challenging for students. One of the genres in which data commentary plays a significant role in many engineering disciplines is the master’s thesis. Comparatively li

We suggest two methods for simulating from a multivariate copula in an arbitrary dimension. Although our main emphasis in this paper is on multivariate extreme value distributions, the proposed methods can be applied to any copula. The basic idea is to approximate the (unknown) density of the copula by a distribution that has a piece‐wise constant (histogram) density. This is achieved by partition

Background: Coagulation activation and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are hallmarks of malignant disease and represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer. Coagulation inhibition with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may improve survival specifically in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients by preventing VTE and tumor progression; however, randomized trials with well-defined patie

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the cancer rehabilitation experiences of working-age cancer survivors.BACKGROUND: Cancer survivors have extremely complex needs, spanning physical, vocational, and sexual domains. Although cancer rehabilitation services have been found to eliminate or reduce these strains, these services are often underutilized.DESIGN: A cross-sectional study design was employed

Mikrober finns överallt, runt omkring oss i vår miljö och inuti våra kroppar. De som lever tillsammans med djur har mycket stor påverkan på värdens hälsa och evolutionära fitness. Från ett djurs perspektiv är vissa mikrober goda, andra onda, och vissa har ingen större påverkan på hälsan, men egentligen beror dessa egenskaper på sammanhanget, eftersom det är vanligt att mikrober byter strategi tillThe microbes living inside hosts have highly important consequences for host health and fitness. From the host’s perspective, some microbes exhibit mutualistic tendencies, others parasitic, and some commensal, but this is context-dependent and opportunistic lifestyles are widespread in nature. Our knowledge of how hosts interact molecularly with different microbes is, however, poor, and little res

I efterdyningarna av finanskrisen 2008 konstaterade man bl.a. att det var ett problem att viktiga aktörer arbetade med allt för litet eget kapital, vilket gjorde dem riskbenägna. Med litet eget kapital skjuts risk i ett AB över från aktieägare till långivare. Inom bolaget finns liknande problem mellan en avdelning och bolaget och mellan anställd och bolaget. Det är helt enkelt attraktivt att ta ri

This paper provides regional GDP estimates for the 24 Swedish regions (NUTS-3) for the benchmark year 1571 and for 11 ten-year benchmarks for the period 1750–1850. The 1571 estimates are based on tax sources and agricultural statistics. The 1750–1850 estimates are produced following the widely used methodology by Geary and Stark (2002): labour force figures from population censuses at regional lev

Over the last few decades, philosophers and social scientists have applied the so-called powers ontology to the social domain. I argue that this application is highly problematic: many of the alleged powers in the social realm violate the intrinsicality condition, and those that can be coherently taken to be intrinsic to their bearers are arguably causally redundant. I end the paper by offering a