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A division of labor with role specialization is defined as individuals specializing in a subtask during repetitions of a group task. While this behavior is ubiquitous among humans, there are only four candidates found among non-eusocial mammals: lions, mice, chimpanzees, and bottlenose dolphins. Bottlenose dolphins in the Cedar Keys, Florida, engage in role specialized “driver-barrier feeding”, wh
In the sense of phenomenology, actions are special cases of acts of consciousness. Within semiotics, first Jan Mukařovský and then A. J. Greimas have established, in different terms, a distinction between instrumental actions and actions which carry their meaning in themselves. But this is insufficient to account for the variety of actions which comprises everything from the creation of artefacts,
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) in human pregnancy is associated with perinatal mortality, short- and long-term morbidities. No prenatal therapy is currently established despite decades of research. We aimed to review interventions in animal models for prenatal FGR treatment, and to seek the next steps for an effective clinical therapy. We registered our protocol and searched MEDLINE, Embase, and T
Introduction: Current drug treatment of lower urinary tract disorders, for example, overactive bladder syndrome and lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, is moderately effective, has a low treatment persistence and some short- and long-term adverse events. Even if combination therapy with approved drugs may offer advantages in some patients, there is still a ne
The present edited research aims to capture a bird’s-eye view of the phenomenon of illicit trafficking of cultural properties and to serve as a reference point for governments, enforcement agencies, international organizations, stakeholders, and civil societies. The targeted geographic region is the Arab World, the countries in the Middle East, Arabic Gulf, Horn of Africa and North Africa. There i
This study explored the relationship between the glucose dose and insulin response from beta cells in vivo and in vitro in mice. Glucose was administered intravenously at different dose levels (from 0 to 0.75 g/kg) in anesthetized C57BL/6J mice, and the glucose and insulin concentrations were determined in samples taken after 50 min. Furthermore, freshly isolated mouse islets were incubated for 60
Cian Duffy’s chapter is concerned with the Danish poet and dramatist Adam Oehlenschläger, often identified as Denmark’s leading Romantic-period writer. Duffy focuses on an early instance of Oehlenschläger’s reception in England: an essay on contemporary German drama by Julius Charles Hare in the first and only number of Charles Ollier’s Literary Miscellany. Drawing also on theories about the relat
The archaeological site of Heraqla in Raqqa represents a particular example of the Abbasid architecture; the Caliph Harun Al Rashid started reconstructing it as a commemorative monument but after his death it was never completed. The Directorate General of Antiquities and Museums DGAM excavated in the site, constructed furnace to produce bricks similar to the ancient material for restorations and,
Our knowledge regarding the migration of the Homo erectus towards Eurasia and the routes he took through the Middle East during the Paleolithic is limited. The latest surveys and excavations at sites in the central Syrian Desert have revealed important data on these routes. Archaeological labor documented numerous archaeological sites located between the Mount Bishri and the Middle Euphrates Valle
Domain decomposition is one of the most efficient techniques to derive efficient methods for large-scale problems. In this chapter such decomposition methods for the minimization of the total variation are discussed. We differ between approaches which directly tackle the (primal) total variation minimization and approaches which deal with their predual formulation. Thereby we mainly concentrate on
ABSTRACT: Radiation dosimetry is central to virtually all radiation safety applications, optimization, and research. It relates to various individuals and population groups and to miscellaneous exposure situations-including planned, existing, and emergency situations. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has developed a new computational framework for internal dose estima
Hannah Persson’s essay looks at the early reception in England of Denmark’s most famous writer Hans Christian Andersen, showing how Andersen was (mis)represented in England as a result of the particular inflection given to his work by his translator, Mary Howitt. Examining Howitt’s praxis as a translator, Persson concludes that her (mis)understanding of Andersen’s tales as primarily intended for c
Contemporary hybrid zones act as natural laboratories for the investigation of species boundaries and may shed light on the little understood roles of sex chromosomes in species divergence. Sex chromosomes are considered to function as a hotspot of genetic divergence between species; indicated by less genomic introgression compared to autosomes during hybridization. Moreover, they are thought to c
Sweden developed during the first two decades of the post-war period into one of the wealthiest countries in the world. This change in the wealth of the country was accompanied by immigration on a previously unknown scale. Sweden’s remarkable economic growth has been facilitated by this immigrant flow, which consisted almost entirely of European labour migrants during the period up to the early 19
There are many examples suggesting that push moraine formation requires building up of the proglacial wedge and then post-depositional folding and/or faulting. Only a few studies have been carried out on syntectonic deposition and erosion within proglacial sediment wedges; however, the resulting growth strata were determined based on the high variability in thickness and occurrence of erosional un
Objective The aim was to compare self-reported health between cardiac arrest survivors with good cerebral performance (CPC 1) and survivors with moderate cerebral disability (CPC 2). Methods This comparative register study was based on nationwide data from the Swedish Register of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. The study included 2058 in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors with go
We construct a novel dataset to measure banks’ complexity and relate it to banks’ riskiness. The sample covers stock listed Euro area banks from 2007 to 2014. Bank stability is significantly affected by complexity, whereas the direction of the effect differs across complexity measures.
We aimed to study psychological health, as approximated by the use of psychotropic drugs, in a population diagnosed and surgically treated for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) or ulnar nerve entrapment (UNE), or both, also considering the demographic and socioeconomic factors of the individuals. Linking data from five large national registers, use of psychotropics (at least one dispensation during the
