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Background: Standard treatment of localized squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is radiotherapy (RT) combined with chemotherapy, that is, chemoradiation (CRT). Primary surgery has a limited role, but is a recommended treatment for small well differentiated SCCA localized in the anal margin, with re-excision or postoperative RT/CRT in case of involved surgical margins. The evidence supportin

The coupling properties of the Higgs boson are studied in the four-lepton (e, μ) decay channel using 36.1 fb−1 of pp collision data from the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector. Cross sections are measured for the main production modes in several exclusive regions of the Higgs boson production phase space and are interpreted in terms of coupling modifiers. The

Introduction: We studied whether fully automated Elecsys cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immunoassay results were concordant with positron emission tomography (PET) and predicted clinical progression, even with cutoffs established in an independent cohort. Methods: Cutoffs for Elecsys amyloid-β1–42 (Aβ), total tau/Aβ(1–42), and phosphorylated tau/Aβ(1–42) were defined against [18F]flutemetamol PET in Sw

The Nordic countries are healthcare systems with tax-based financing and ambitions for universal access to comprehensive services. This implies that distribution of healthcare resources should be based on individual needs, not on the ability to pay. Despite this ideological orientation, significant expansion in voluntary private health insurance (VPHI) contracts has occurred in recent decades. The

A search for massive coloured resonances which are pair-produced and decay into two jets is presented. The analysis uses 36.7 fb- 1 of s = 13 TeV pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. No significant deviation from the background prediction is observed. Results are interpreted in a SUSY simplified model where the lightest supersymmetric particle is the top

Cell membrane electroporation/permeabilization may be achieved without affecting cell viability through strict control of the electric pulse parameters. This process is referred to as reversible permeabilization. Even if the cells survive the electric field treatment, they are subjected to stress due to the opening of pores and the struggle of the cells to recover their normal functionality. Very

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a metabolic disease causing hyperglycemia due to β-cell destruction. Despite adequate treatment, complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) are common. The first aim was to investigate if acute onset of type 1 diabetes differed between those who had developed retinopathy and who had not after 15 years from diagnosis. The second aim was to investigate if mean

Freezing is a widely used method of preserving food products. Efforts are currently being directed towards improving the quality of sensitive tissues of plant foods such as leaves, after freezing and thawing. One of the methods under investigation is the combination of vacuum impregnation (VI) with cryoprotectants and the application of a pulsed electric field (PEF) to the plant tissue prior to fr

Background Calcidiol insufficiency may accelerate the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). We tested the effect of a substantial increase in calcidiol on mineral metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods Ninety-five patients with CKD Stages 3-4, parathyroid hormone (PTH) above 6.8 pmol/L and calcidiol below 75 nmol/L were randomized to receive either choleca

IMPORTANCE Although spouses strongly resemble one another in their risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the causes of this association remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To examine longitudinally, in first marriages, the association of a first registration for AUD in one spouse with risk of registration in his or her partner and to explore changes in the risk for AUD registration in individuals with multi

Presence of perivascular neuroblastoma cells with high expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α correlates with distant metastasis and aggressive disease. Regulation of HIFs are traditionally considered to occur post-translationally, but we have recently shown that HIF-2α is unconventionally regulated also at the transcriptional level in neuroblastoma cells. Regulatory factors binding direc

Introduction: Adjuvant endocrine therapy improves recurrence-free and overall survival in primary breast cancer. However, not all patients complete their planned treatment, mostly because of side-effects. The aim of this study was to examine the adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy in a cohort of primary breast cancer patients in Region Jönköping County, Sweden, after 3 and 5 years. Material an

A transient finite strain viscoplastic model is implemented in a gradient-based topology optimization framework to design impact mitigating structures. The model's kinematics relies on the multiplicative split of the deformation gradient, and the constitutive response is based on isotropic hardening viscoplasticity. To solve the mechanical balance laws, the implicit Newmark-beta method is used tog

Convergence in revenue capacity and effort around rising trends help more subnational governments assume their devolved functions. We examine the extent of such convergence by estimating the proportion of all pairwise convergent gaps in a panel of 48 combined state-local governments (SLGs) over the period 1981–2013 using a novel methodology. We found no evidence of convergence in tax revenue capac

Background/Aim: Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis using patient urine samples represents a non-invasive and more convenient method than the conventional biopsy and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. This study intended to identify a biomarker panel to distinguish PCa from benign prostate using urine samples. Materials and Methods: We identified six biomarkers with differential gene expression in

For many decades, research work on combustion has been focused on improving combustion efficiency and reducing harmful emissions. Laser diagnostics is one of the best ways to investigate the combustion process and emission formation as it is non-intrusive and it has high spatiotemporal resolution. In this thesis work, many laser diagnostics have been developed and employed for combustion research.